Saturday, June 25, 2011

TT2307 TEXTILE QUALITY EVALUATION LAB ANNA UNIVERSITY FIFTH SEMESTER TEXTILE ENGINEERING SYLLABUS

TT2307 TEXTILE QUALITY EVALUATION LAB

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS
(Minimum of 10 experiments shall be offered)
Measurement of Fibre Length.
Measurement of Fibre Strength.
Measurement of Fibre Fineness.
Measurement of Fibre Maturity.
Measurement of Fibre Trash & Lint.
Measurement of Fibre Nep content.
Measurement of Fibre Linear density of sliver, roving and yarn.
Measurement of single yarn and ply yarn twist.
Measurement of single yarn strength and Lea strength.
Measurement of Yarn Evenness.
Measurement of Yarn Impact Strength.
Measurement of Fabric thickness, Stiffness and Crease recovery.
Measurement of Fabric Tensile Strength.
Measurement of Fabric Bursting strength and Color fastness.
Measurement of Abrasion Resistance.
Measurement of Fabric Pilling.
Crimp study, GSM study in Fabric and Fabric engineering.

GE2321 COMMUNICATION SKILLS LABORATORY

TT2306 FABRIC MANUFACTURE LAB II

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS
(Minimum of ten experiments shall be offered)
To study the mechanism, setting & operation of the following loom motions.
Tappet Shedding
Dobby and method of pegging.
Side Weft Fork Mechanism
Loose Reed
Fast Reed
Loom Brake and Clutch Mechanism
4x1 Drop Box Mechanism
4 x 4 Drop Box Mechanism and Pick at will Motion
Positive Let off
Warp Stop Motion
Automatic Pirn Changing
Centre Weft Fork Motion
Shuttleless Loom

TT2305 TEXTILE QUALITY EVALUATION ANNA UNIVERSITY FIFTH SEMESTER TEXTILE ENGINEERING SYLLABUS

TT2305 TEXTILE QUALITY EVALUATION

UNIT I INTRODUCTION

Definition of quality – Product based, User based, Manufacturing based, Value based.
Types of quality – Quality of Design, Quality of Conformance, Quality of performance.
Quality control and Quality assurance. Factors influencing quality. Reasons for quality
evaluation. Terms used in sampling. Fibre sampling from bulk, Fibre sampling from
combed slivers, rovings and yarn. Yarn sampling, Fabric sampling.

UNIT II STATISTICAL EVALUATION
Measures of central tendency and dispersion, Determination of number of tests, Types
of error, Sources of error, Design of experiments – Factorial designs, Response surface
designs, Taguchi designs. Repeatability, Reproducibility.

UNIT III FIBRE QUALITY EVALUATION
Measurement of fibre fineness and its importance. Measurement of fibre length and its
uniformity. Principles of various fibre testing instruments – High Volume Instrument,
Advanced Fibre Information System. Principles of measurement of single fibre fineness,
strength and crimp characteristics of man-made fibres – Lenzing Technik’s Vibroscope,
Vibrodyn, Vibrojet, Vibrotex. Principle of fibre strength measurement by Stelometer,
Determination of moisture content and regain in fibres. Innovations in fibre quality
evaluation.

UNIT IV YARN QUALITY EVALUATION
Linear density, Twist, Evenness, Hairiness, Bulk, Friction and Abrasion. Tensile
Properties of Yarn, Tensile Testing of Yarn at High Speeds – Uster Tensojet, Lenzing
Speedy, Textechno’s Statimat, Influence of test speed, specimen length, humidity and
temperature on yarn tensile characteristics, Classification of yarn imperfections and
faults, Yarn appearance assessment – ASTM yarn grades, Electronic Inspection Board,
Latest developments in yarn testing instruments.

UNIT V FABRIC QUALITY EVALUATION
Tensile strength, Tear strength, Bursting strength, Dimensional stability, Serviceability,
Air permeability and Water repellency, Abrasion resistance & Pilling, Color fastness,
Comfort, Objective evaluation of fabric handle, Advances in fabric quality evaluation.

TEXT BOOKS
1. V. K. Kothari (Ed), Testing and Quality Management, Vol.1, IAFL Publications, New Delhi, India, 1999.
2. B. P. Saville, Physical Testing of Textiles, Woodhead Publishing Ltd., England, 1999.

REFERENCES
1. J.E. Booth, Textile Testing, Butterworth Heinemann Ltd., U.K, 1996.
2. Basu, Textile Testing; Fibre, Yarn and Fabric, SITRA, Coimbatore, 2001.
3. G.E.P.Box, W.G.Hunter and J.S.Hunter, Statistics for Experimenters, John Wiley &Sons, Inc., USA, 1978.

TT2304 TEXTILE CHEMICAL PROCESSING ANNA UNIVERSITY FIFTH SEMESTER TEXTILE ENGINEERING SYLLABUS

TT2304 TEXTILE CHEMICAL PROCESSING


UNIT I
Wet process sequences for cotton, wool, silk, blended fabrics: Singeing -Yarn singeing
machines. Gas singeing machine for woven and tubular knits - Classification of desizing
methods-Hydrolytic methods and oxidative methods - Enzymatic desizing - Scouring –
Kier boiling - Saponification, Emulsification. Detergency-Lime boil Vs soda boil –Types of
Kier-Wool carbonizing- Degumming of silk.
UNIT II
Bleaching of cotton: Hypochlorite-Hydrogen Peroxide-Sodium chlorite. Batchwise, Semicontinuous
and Continuous processes. Continuous scouring and bleaching machines,
washing ranges, hydro extractors. Bleaching of viscose/linen, cotton/viscose, and
polyester/cotton blends.
Mercerization: Theory of Processes – Methods-Chemicals-Effects. Yarn mercerizer,
Chain and Chainless Mercerizers, Circular mercerizing machine. Liquid ammonia
treatment-Equipments-Kier-J box-Pad roll, Mangles, Jigger, Winch, Jet and Softflow
machines, Detwisters, Dryers, Stenter and Stretching devices.
UNIT III
Dyeing: Introduction to dyeing of natural and synthetic fibres, fabrics and blends with
various dye classes. Recent developments in dyeing of natural fibres, synthetic fibres
and their blends Problems in dyeing and their solutions Eco-friendly chemicals and
banned dyes.
UNIT IV
Mechanical and economic aspects of fibre, yarn, and fabric Scouring, bleaching and
dyeing machines for woven and knits. Loose stock, bale, hank, package, Jigger, Winch,
HT beam, Jet, Padding mangles and garment dyeing machines.
UNIT V
Color Measurement: Application of Computer Color Matching system to evaluate
strength of dye, shade matching, whiteness / yellowness index. Fastness properties of
dyed products

TEXT BOOKS
1. Trotman, E.R., “Dyeing and Chemical Technology of Textile Fibres”, Charles Griffin and Co. Ltd., London. 1990.
2. Shenai, V.A. “Technology of Bleaching and Mercerzing - Vol. III”, Sevak Publications Chennai, 1991
.
REFERENCES
1. Shenai, V.A., “Fundamentals of Principles of Textile Wet Processing”,
2. Marsh J.T., “Mercerizing”, Chapman and Hall Ltd., London, 1041.
3. Bhagwat R.S “Handbook of Textile Processing”, Color Publication, Mumbai, 1999
4. Shenai, V.A., “Principle and Practice of Dyeing”, Sevak Publisher, Bombay.
5. T.L.Vigo, “Textile Processing and Properties”, Elsevier, New York, 1994.

TT2303 FABRIC MANUFACTURE – II ANNA UNIVERSITY FIFTH SEMESTER TEXTILE ENGINEERING SYLLABUS

TT2303 FABRIC MANUFACTURE – II

UNIT I
Basic Weaving motions – Warp Let- off, shedding, filling insertion, Beat- Up, Take -Up
Auxiliary functions. Classification of looms. Loom timing diagram for different motions,
Negative and Positive Cam shedding - Negative and Positive Dobby shedding – Cross
border Dobby - Pick finding device and dobby pegging.
UNIT II
Jacquard shedding – Single Lift, Single Cylinder, Double Lift, Single Cylinder, Double
Lift, Double Cylinder jacquards, Electronic jacquards - Card Cutting Lasing. Cone
overpick, Side leverpick, Cone underpick, Ruti Underpick, swell checking, check straps,
hydraulic Swell checking, Check Straps, Hydraulic checking - 4 bar 6 bar linkage, beat
up mechanism, crank arm types.
UNIT III
Weaving Accessories -Types and Selection of Heald Wires, Heald Frames, Reeds,
Shuttles, Picking Accessories, Drop Wires, and Temples. Negative let off and Positive
Let off, Five and Seven Wheel take up motions, Continuous take up motion, Loose Reed
and Fast Reed Mechanisms, Types of Warp Stop Motions, Multiple Box Motions, Pick at
will motion.
UNIT IV
Weft feelers - different types. Pirn transfer mechanisms, Thread Cutters, Eye and temple
cutters. Yarn quality requirements for Shuttleless looms, Principles of weft insertion in
shuttleless loom, weft accumulators – selvedges – mechanisms of weft insertion by
Projectile, Rapier, Airjet and Waterjet, Techno economics of shuttleless weaving.
UNIT V
Multiphase looms, quick style changes, Weaving of rotor spun yarns, blended yarns,
filament yarns – denim – Warp preparation and weaving of Terry fabrics- Improving
productivity

TEXT BOOKS
1. Sriramlu P.K., Ajgaonkar D.B. & Talukdar M.K., Weaving Machines: Mechanisms, Management, Mahajan Publishers, Ahmedabad, 1998.
2. Marks P & Robinson A.T.C., Principles of Weaving, the Textile Institute, Manchester,
1989.
REFERENCES
1. Lord P.R. and Mohamed M.H., Weaving: Conversion of Yarn to Fabric, Merrow publications, 1992.
2. Chakravorthy B., Mechanism of Weaving Machines, Smt.Chakravorthy serampore W.B.1982.
3. Ormerod, Modern Preparation and Weaving, Butterworths & Co. Ltd., 1983.
4. Talavasek O. & Svaty V., Shuttleless Weaving Machines, Elsevier Scientific Pub.Co., New York 1981.
5. Adanur S., Handbook of Weaving, Technomic Publishing Co., Inc., 2001.

TT2302 PROCESS AND QUALITY CONTROL IN SPINNING ANNA UNIVERSITY FIFTH SEMESTER TEXTILE ENGINEERING SYLLABUS

TT2302 PROCESS AND QUALITY CONTROL IN SPINNING

UNIT I PROCESS CONTROL CONCEPT AND STATISTICAL APPLICATION
Scope of process control in spinning - Identification of process variables and product
characteristics to control process in the blow room, card, draw frame, comber, speed
frame and yarn spinning - Concepts of developing norms and standards for spinning
process. Application of statistical techniques in process and quality control
UNIT II CONTROL OF RAW MATERIAL QUALITY
Quality control of mixing quality through fibre quality characteristics - Concept of fibre
quality index and its application – Prediction of spinnability and yarn quality - Blending
irregularity. Causes of nep generation –.nep removal in carding and combing machines.
Online monitoring and control of neps on modern cards
UNIT III CONTROL OF YARN REALIZATION AND WASTE
Estimation of yarn realization – Determination of trash content and cleaning efficiency in
blow room and carding – Determination of comber noil and combing efficiency - Control
of waste in blow room, carding and comber - Control of hard waste.
UNIT IV YARN QUALITY CONTROL 9
Assessment of within and between bobbin count variations, Assessment and control of
count variations in preparatory machines and ringframe –Assessment of yarn
unevenness and imperfections - causes for unevenness and imperfections - unevenness
caused by random fibre arrangement – Drafting waves – Periodic variation. Yarn faults –
classification – assessment of faults – causes and methods to reduce faults. Causes for
variability in strength, elongation and hairiness and measures for their control.
UNIT V PRODUCTION CONTROL
Factors affecting the productivity in ring spinning. Productivity indices. Methods for
maximizing production in spinning machinery – New concepts. Effect of Machinery
maintenance and Humidity on production. Causes for end breaks in spinning, Measures
to control end breaks, Snap study.

TEXT BOOKS
1. Garde. A. R. & Subramaniam T. A., Process Control in Spinning, ATIRA, Ahmedabad 1989.
2. Ratnam T.V. & Chellamani. K. P., Quality Control in Spinning, SITRA Coimbatore 1999.

REFERENCES
1. Chattopadhyay R., “Advances in Technology of Yarn Production”, NCUTE Publication, New Delhi, 2002.
2. Van der Sluiji M and Hunter L., “Neps in Cotton Lint”, Textile Progress, the Textile Institute, Manchester, U.K., 1999.
3. Klein W., “Man-made Fibre and their Processing”, the Textile Institute, Manchester, U.K. 1994.
4. Slater K., “Yarn Evenness”, Textile Progress, The Textile Institute, Manchester, U.K., 1986

TT2301 KNITTING TECHNOLOGY ANNA UNIVERSITY FIFTH SEMESTER TEXTILE ENGINEERING SYLLABUS

TT2301 KNITTING TECHNOLOGY

UNIT I
Properties of Woven and Knitted fabrics. Terms and definitions used in Knitting, Yarn
quality requirements for knitting. Comparison of warp and weft knitting. Classification of
warp and weft knitting machines Knitting needles: Spring - beard – Latch – Compound
needles.
UNIT II
Classification of Weft Knit structure – Technical terms and symbolic representation of
Weft Knit structure – Characteristics of Plain, Rib, Interlock, Purl Knit structures. Rib,
interlock and purl circular knitting machines. Fundamentals of formation of knit tuck and
float stitches. Factors affecting the formation of loop. Effect of loop length and shape on
fabric properties. Faults in knitted fabrics, causes and remedies. Production calculation.
UNIT III
Basic principles and elements of flat knitting machines. Different types of flat knitting
machines-manual, mechanical and computer controlled knitting machines. Production of
various fabric designs with flat knitting machines.
Jacquard knitting – Pattern wheel, Pattern drum, Tape patterning devices, Electronic
devices.
UNIT IV
Warp knitting fundamentals, Basic Warp knitted structures, closed lap and Open lap
stitches. Classification of Warp Knitting Machines – Knitting elements of Rachel and
Tricot knitting machine, Points of difference between Rachel and Tricot knitting machine.
Representation of Warp – Knit structure.
UNIT V
Basic Yarn Properties for Weft and Warp Knitting – Defects in weft and Warp Knitted
fabrics, causes and remedies – Test for Weft Knit quality – Knitting Calculations for Weft
Knits and Warp Knits.

TEXT BOOKS
1. D.B Ajgaonkar., “Knitting Technology”, Universal Publication Corporation, Mumbai,1998.
2. D.J.Spencer., “Knitting Technology”, Textile Institute, Manchester, 1989.
REFERENCES
1. Chandrasekhar Iyer, Bernd Mammal and Wolfgang Schach., “Circular Knitting”,Meisenbach GmbH, Bamberg, 1995.
2. Samuel Raz., “Flat Knitting; The new generation”, MeisenbachGmbH, Bamberg,
3. Samuel Raz., “Warp Knitting Production”, Melliand TextilberichteGmbH,Rohrabacher, 1987.

IT2406 SERVICE ORIENTED ARCHITECTURE LAB ANNA UNIVERSITY SYLLABUS SEVENTH SEMESTER IT SYLLABUS

IT2406 SERVICE ORIENTED ARCHITECTURE LAB

1. Develop at least 5 components such as Order Processing, Payment Processing,
etc., using .NET component technology.
2. Develop at least 5 components such as Order Processing, Payment Processing,
etc., using EJB component technology.
3. Invoke .NET components as web services.
4. Invoke EJB components as web services.
5. Develop a Service Orchestration Engine (workflow) using WS-BPEL and
implement service composition. For example, a business process for planning
business travels will invoke several services. This process will invoke several
airline companies (such as American Airlines, Delta Airlines etc. ) to check the
airfare price and buy at the lowest price.
6. Develop a J2EE client to access a .NET web service.
7. Develop a .NET client to access a J2EE web service.

IT2403 SOFTWARE PROJECT MANAGEMENT ANNA UNIVERSITY SYLLABUS SEVENTH SEMESTER IT SYLLABUS

IT2403 SOFTWARE PROJECT MANAGEMENT

UNIT I INTRODUCTION TO SOFTWARE PROJECT MANAGEMENT

Project Definition – Contract Management – Activities Covered By Software Project
Management – Overview Of Project Planning – Stepwise Project Planning.

UNIT II PROJECT EVALUATION

Strategic Assessment – Technical Assessment – Cost Benefit Analysis –Cash Flow
Forecasting – Cost Benefit Evaluation Techniques – Risk Evaluation.

UNIT III ACTIVITY PLANNING

Objectives – Project Schedule – Sequencing and Scheduling Activities –Network
Planning Models – Forward Pass – Backward Pass – Activity Float – Shortening Project
Duration – Activity on Arrow Networks – Risk Management – Nature Of Risk – Types Of
Risk – Managing Risk – Hazard Identification – Hazard Analysis – Risk Planning And
Control.
UNIT IV MONITORING AND CONTROL

Creating Framework – Collecting The Data – Visualizing Progress – Cost Monitoring –
Earned Value – Priortizing Monitoring – Getting Project Back To Target – Change
Control – Managing Contracts – Introduction – Types Of Contract – Stages In Contract
Placement – Typical Terms Of A Contract – Contract Management – Acceptance.

UNIT V MANAGING PEOPLE AND ORGANIZING TEAMS

Introduction – Understanding Behavior – Organizational Behaviour: A Background –
Selecting The Right Person For The Job – Instruction In The Best Methods – Motivation
– The Oldman – Hackman Job Characteristics Model – Working In Groups – Becoming
A Team –Decision Making – Leadership – Organizational Structures – Stress –Health
And Safety – Case Studies.

TEXT BOOK:
1. Bob Hughes, Mikecotterell, “Software Project Management”, Third Edition, Tata
McGraw Hill, 2004.
REFERENCES:
1. Ramesh, Gopalaswamy, "Managing Global Projects", Tata McGraw Hill, 2001.
2. Royce, “Software Project Management”, Pearson Education, 1999.
3. Jalote, “Software Project Manangement in Practive”, Pearson Education, 2002.

IT2402 MOBILE COMMUNICATION ANNA UNIVERSITY SYLLABUS SEVENTH SEMESTER IT SYLLABUS

IT2402 MOBILE COMMUNICATION

UNIT I WIRELESS COMMUNICATION

Cellular systems- Frequency Management and Channel Assignment- types of handoff
and their characteristics, dropped call rates & their evaluation -MAC – SDMA – FDMA –
TDMA – CDMA – Cellular Wireless Networks

UNIT II WIRELESS NETWORKS

Wireless LAN – IEEE 802.11 Standards – Architecture – Services – Mobile Ad hoc
Networks- WiFi and WiMAX - Wireless Local Loop

UNIT III MOBILE COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS

GSM-architecture-Location tracking and call setup- Mobility management- Handover-
Security-GSM SMS –International roaming for GSM- call recording functions-subscriber
and service data mgt –-Mobile Number portability -VoIP service for Mobile Networks –
GPRS –Architecture-GPRS procedures-attach and detach procedures-PDP context
procedure-combined RA/LA update procedures-Billing

UNIT IV MOBILE NETWORK AND TRANSPORT LAYERS

Mobile IP – Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol-Mobile Ad Hoc Routing Protocols–
Multicast routing-TCP over Wireless Networks – Indirect TCP – Snooping TCP – Mobile
TCP – Fast Retransmit / Fast Recovery – Transmission/Timeout Freezing-Selective
Retransmission – Transaction Oriented TCP- TCP over 2.5 / 3G wireless Networks

UNIT V APPLICATION LAYER

WAP Model- Mobile Location based services -WAP Gateway –WAP protocols – WAP
user agent profile- caching model-wireless bearers for WAP - WML – WMLScripts - WTA
- iMode- SyncML.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Jochen Schiller, “Mobile Communications”, Second Edition, Pearson Education, 2003.
2. William Stallings, “Wireless Communications and Networks”, Pearson Education,
2002.
REFERENCES:
1. Kaveh Pahlavan, Prasanth Krishnamoorthy, “Principles of Wireless Networks”, First
Edition, Pearson Education, 2003.
2. Uwe Hansmann, Lothar Merk, Martin S. Nicklons and Thomas Stober, “Principles of
Mobile Computing”, Springer, 2003.
3. C.K.Toh, “AdHoc Mobile Wireless Networks”, First Edition, Pearson Education, 2002.

IT2401 SERVICE ORIENTED ARCHITECTURE ANNA UNIVERSITY SYLLABUS SEVENTH SEMESTER IT SYLLABUS

IT2401 SERVICE ORIENTED ARCHITECTURE

UNIT I

Roots of SOA – Characteristics of SOA - Comparing SOA to client-server and distributed
internet architectures – Anatomy of SOA- How components in an SOA interrelate -
Principles of service orientation

UNIT II
Web services – Service descriptions – Messaging with SOAP –Message exchange
Patterns – Coordination –Atomic Transactions – Business activities – Orchestration –
Choreography - Service layer abstraction – Application Service Layer – Business
Service Layer – Orchestration Service Layer

UNIT III
Service oriented analysis – Business-centric SOA – Deriving business services- service
modeling - Service Oriented Design – WSDL basics – SOAP basics – SOA composition
guidelines – Entity-centric business service design – Application service design – Taskcentric
business service design

UNIT IV

SOA platform basics – SOA support in J2EE – Java API for XML-based web services
(JAX-WS) - Java architecture for XML binding (JAXB) – Java API for XML Registries
(JAXR) - Java API for XML based RPC (JAX-RPC)- Web Services Interoperability
Technologies (WSIT) - SOA support in .NET – Common Language Runtime - ASP.NET
web forms – ASP.NET web services – Web Services Enhancements (WSE)

UNIT V
WS-BPEL basics – WS-Coordination overview - WS-Choreography, WS-Policy, WSSecurity

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Thomas Erl, “Service-Oriented Architecture: Concepts, Technology, and Design”,
Pearson Education, 2005.
REFERENCES:
1. Thomas Erl, “SOA Principles of Service Design “(The Prentice Hall Service-Oriented
Computing Series from Thomas Erl), 2005.
2. Newcomer, Lomow, “Understanding SOA with Web Services”, Pearson Education,
2005.
3. Sandeep Chatterjee, James Webber, “Developing Enterprise Web Services, An
Architect’s Guide”, Pearson Education, 2005.
4. Dan Woods and Thomas Mattern, “Enterprise SOA Designing IT for Business
Innovation” O’REILLY, First Edition, 2006

IT2302 INFORMATION THEORY AND CODING ANNA UNIVERSITY SYLLABUS

IT2302 INFORMATION THEORY AND CODING

UNIT I INFORMATION THEORY
Information – Entropy, Information rate, classification of codes, Kraft McMillan inequality,
Source coding theorem, Shannon-Fano coding, Huffman coding, Extended Huffman
coding - Joint and conditional entropies, Mutual information - Discrete memoryless
channels – BSC, BEC – Channel capacity, Shannon limit.

UNIT II SOURCE CODING: TEXT, AUDIO AND SPEECH
Text: Adaptive Huffman Coding, Arithmetic Coding, LZW algorithm – Audio: Perceptual
coding, Masking techniques, Psychoacoustic model, MEG Audio layers I,II,III, Dolby
AC3 - Speech: Channel Vocoder, Linear Predictive Coding

UNIT III SOURCE CODING: IMAGE AND VIDEO
Image and Video Formats – GIF, TIFF, SIF, CIF, QCIF – Image compression: READ,
JPEG – Video Compression: Principles-I,B,P frames, Motion estimation, Motion
compensation, H.261, MPEG standard

UNIT IV ERROR CONTROL CODING: BLOCK CODES
Definitions and Principles: Hamming weight, Hamming distance, Minimum distance
decoding - Single parity codes, Hamming codes, Repetition codes - Linear block codes,
Cyclic codes - Syndrome calculation, Encoder and decoder - CRC

UNIT V ERROR CONTROL CODING: CONVOLUTIONAL CODES
Convolutional codes – code tree, trellis, state diagram - Encoding – Decoding:
Sequential search and Viterbi algorithm – Principle of Turbo coding

TEXT BOOKS:
1. R Bose, “Information Theory, Coding and Crptography”, TMH 2007
2. Fred Halsall, “Multidedia Communications: Applications, Networks, Protocols and
Standards”, Perason Education Asia, 2002
REFERENCES:
1. K Sayood, “Introduction to Data Compression” 3/e, Elsevier 2006
2. S Gravano, “Introduction to Error Control Codes”, Oxford University Press 2007
3. Amitabha Bhattacharya, “Digital Communication”, TMH 2006

Sunday, June 19, 2011

EE 2033 MICRO ELECTRO MECHANICAL SYSTEMS ANNA UNIVERSITY SEVENTH SEMESTER EEE SYLLABUS

EE 2033 MICRO ELECTRO MECHANICAL SYSTEMS

AIM
The aim of this course is to educate the student to understand the fundamentals of Micro
Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS)
OBJECTIVES
At the end of this course the student will be able to
 integrate the knowledge of semiconductors and solid mechanics to fabricate
MEMS devices.
 understand the rudiments of Microfabrication techniques.
 identify and understand the various sensors and actutators
 different materials used for MEMS
 applications of MEMS to disciplines beyond Electrical and Mechanical
engineering.
UNIT I INTRODUCTION 9
Intrinsic Characteristics of MEMS – Energy Domains and Transducers- Sensors and
Actuators – Introduction to Microfabrication - Silicon based MEMS processes – New
Materials – Review of Electrical and Mechanical concepts in MEMS – Semiconductor
devices – Stress and strain analysis – Flexural beam bending- Torsional deflection.
UNIT II SENSORS AND ACTUATORS-I 9
Electrostatic sensors – Parallel plate capacitors – Applications – Interdigitated Finger
capacitor – Comb drive devices – Thermal Sensing and Actuation – Thermal expansion
– Thermal couples – Thermal resistors – Applications – Magnetic Actuators –
Micromagnetic components – Case studies of MEMS in magnetic actuators.
UNIT III SENSORS AND ACTUATORS-II 9
Piezoresistive sensors – Piezoresistive sensor materials - Stress analysis of mechanical
elements – Applications to Inertia, Pressure, Tactile and Flow sensors – Piezoelectric
sensors and actuators – piezoelectric effects – piezoelectric materials – Applications to
Inertia , Acoustic, Tactile and Flow sensors.
UNIT IV MICROMACHINING 9
Silicon Anisotropic Etching – Anisotrophic Wet Etching – Dry Etching of Silicon – Plasma
Etching – Deep Reaction Ion Etching (DRIE) – Isotropic Wet Etching – Gas Phase
Etchants – Case studies - Basic surface micromachining processes – Structural and
Sacrificial Materials – Acceleration of sacrificial Etch – Striction and Antistriction methods
– Assembly of 3D MEMS – Foundry process.
UNIT V POLYMER AND OPTICAL MEMS 9
Polymers in MEMS– Polimide - SU-8 - Liquid Crystal Polymer (LCP) – PDMS – PMMA –
Parylene – Fluorocarbon - Application to Acceleration, Pressure, Flow and Tactile
sensors- Optical MEMS – Lenses and Mirrors – Actuators for Active Optical MEMS.
TOTAL : 45 PERIODS
TEXT BOOKS.
1. Chang Liu, ‘Foundations of MEMS’, Pearson Education Inc., 2006.
2.. James J.Allen, micro electro mechanical system design, CRC Press published in
2005
REFERENCES
1. Nadim Maluf, “ An introduction to Micro electro mechanical system design”, Artech
House, 2000.
2. Mohamed Gad-el-Hak, editor, “ The MEMS Handbook”, CRC press Baco Raton, 2000
3. Tai Ran Hsu, “MEMS & Micro systems Design and Manufacture” Tata McGraw Hill,
New Delhi, 2002.
4. Julian w. Gardner, Vijay k. varadan, Osama O.Awadelkarim,micro sensors mems and
smart devices, John Wiley & son LTD,2002

GE2023 FUNDAMENTAL OF NANOSCIENCE ANNA UNIVERSITY SEVENTH SEMESTER EEE SYLLABUS

GE2023 FUNDAMENTAL OF NANOSCIENCE

UNIT I INTRODUCTION 9
Nanoscale Science and Technology- Implications for Physics, Chemistry, Biology and
Engineering-Classifications of nanostructured materials- nano particles- quantum dots,
nanowires-ultra-thinfilms-multilayered materials. Length Scales involved and effect on
properties: Mechanical, Electronic, Optical, Magnetic and Thermal properties.
Introduction to properties and motivation for study (qualitative only).
UNIT II PREPARATION METHODS 10
Bottom-up Synthesis-Top-down Approach: Precipitation, Mechanical Milling, Colloidal
routes, Self-assembly, Vapour phase deposition, MOCVD, Sputtering, Evaporation,
Molecular Beam Epitaxy, Atomic Layer Epitaxy, MOMBE.
UNIT III PATTERNING AND LITHOGRAPHY FOR NANOSCALE DEVICES 7
Introduction to optical/UV electron beam and X-ray Lithography systems and processes,
Wet etching, dry (Plasma /reactive ion) etching, Etch resists-dip pen lithography
UNIT IV PREPARATION ENVIRONMENTS 9
Clean rooms: specifications and design, air and water purity, requirements for particular
processes, Vibration free environments: Services and facilities required. Working
practices, sample cleaning, Chemical purification, chemical and biological
contamination, Safety issues, flammable and toxic hazards, biohazards.
UNIT V CHARECTERISATION TECHNIQUES 10
X-ray diffraction technique, Scanning Electron Microscopy - environmental techniques,
Transmission Electron Microscopy including high-resolution imaging, Surface Analysis
techniques- AFM, SPM, STM, SNOM, ESCA, SIMS-Nanoindentation
TOTAL : 45 PERIODS
TEXT BOOKS
1. A.S. Edelstein and R.C. Cammearata, eds., Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Properties and
Applications, (Institute of Physics Publishing, Bristol and Philadelphia, 1996)
2. N John Dinardo, Nanoscale charecterisation of surfaces & Interfaces, Second edition,
Weinheim Cambridge, Wiley-VCH, 2000
REFERENCES
1. G Timp (Editor), Nanotechnology, AIP press/Springer, 1999
2. Akhlesh Lakhtakia (Editor) The Hand Book of Nano Technology, “Nanometer
Structure”, Theory, Modeling and Simulations. Prentice-Hall of India (P) Ltd, New
Delhi, 2007.

EE 2032 HIGH VOLTAGE DIRECT CURRENT TRANSMISSION ANNA UNIVERSITY SEVENTH SEMESTER EEE SYLLABUS

EE 2032 HIGH VOLTAGE DIRECT CURRENT TRANSMISSION


AIM
To develop the skills in the area of HVDC power transmission with the analysis of HVDC
converters, harmonics and design of filters.
OBJECTIVE
 To understand the concept, planning of DC power transmission and comparison with
AC power transmission.
 To analyze HVDC converters.
 To study about compounding and regulation.
 To analyze harmonics and design of filters.
 To learn about HVDC cables and simulation tools.
UNIT I INTRODUCTION 9
Introduction of DC Power transmission technology – Comparison of AC and DC
transmission – Application of DC transmission – Description of DC transmission system
– Planning for HVDC transmission – Modern trends in DC transmission.
UNIT II ANALYSIS OF HVDC CONVERTERS 9
Pulse number – Choice of converter configuration – Simplified analysis of Graetz circuit
– Converter bridge characteristics – Characteristics of a twelve pulse converter –
Detailed analysis of converters.
UNIT III COMPOUNDING AND REGULATIONS 9
General – Required regulation – Inverter compounding – Uncompounded inverter –
Rectifier compounding – Transmission characteristics with the rectifier and inverter
compounding – Communication link – Current regulation from the inverter side –
Transformer tap changing
UNIT IV HARMONICS AND FILTERS 9
Introduction – Generation of harmonics – Design of AC filters and DC filters –
Interference with neighbouring communication lines.
UNIT V HVDC CABLES AND SIMULATION OF HVDC SYSTEMS 9
Introduction of DC cables – Basic physical phenomenon arising in DC insulation –
Practical dielectrics – Dielectric stress consideration – Economics of DC cables
compared with AC cables. Introduction to system simulation – Philosophy and tools –
HVDC system simulation – Modeling of HVDC systems for digital dynamic simulation.
TOTAL : 45 PERIODS
TEXT BOOK
1. Padiyar, K. R., “HVDC power transmission system”, Wiley Eastern Limited, New
Delhi 1990. First edition.
2. Edward Wilson Kimbark, “Direct Current Transmission”, Vol. I, Wiley interscience,
New York, London, Sydney, 1971.
REFERENCES
1. Colin Adamson and Hingorani N G, “High Voltage Direct Current Power
Transmission”, Garraway Limited, London, 1960.
2. Arrillaga, J., “High Voltage Direct Current Transmission”, Peter Pregrinus, London,
1983.
3. Rakosh Das Begamudre, “Extra High Voltage AC Transmission Engineering”, New
Age Interantional (P) Ltd., New Delhi, 1990.

EE2031 VLSI DESIGN ANNA UNIVERSITY SEVENTH SEMESTER EEE SYLLABUS

EE2031 VLSI DESIGN

AIM
Tounderstand th basic concepts of VLSI and CMOS design.
OBJECTIVES
 To give clear idea about the basics of VLSI design and its importance.
 To know about the operating principles of MOS transistor.
 To study about construction of NMOS, CMOS and Bi-CMOS based logic gates.
 To understand the functioning of programmable and Reprogrammable devices.
 To learn about the programming of Programmable device using Hardware
description Language.
UNIT I BASIC MOS TRANSISTOR 9
Enhancement mode & Depletion mode – Fabrication (NMOS, PMOS, CMOS, BiCMOS)
Technology – NMOS transistor current equation – second order effects – MOS
Transistor Model.
UNIT II NMOS & CMOS INVERTER AND GATES 9
NMOS & CMOS inverter – Determination of pull up / pull down ratios – stick diagram –
lambda based rules – super buffers – BiCMOS & steering logic.
UNIT III SUB SYSTEM DESIGN & LAYOUT 9
Structured design of combinational circuits – Dynamic CMOS & clocking – Tally circuits
– (NAND-NAND, NOR-NOR and AOI logic) – EXOR structure – Multiplexer structures –
Barrel shifter.
UNIT IV DESIGN OF COMBINATIONAL ELEMENTS & REGULAR ARRAYLOGIC
9
NMOS PLA – Programmable Logic Devices - Finite State Machine PLA – Introduction
to FPGA, CPLD.
UNIT V VHDL PROGRAMMING 9
RTL Design – Detructured level Design -combinational logic – Types – Operators –
Packages – Sequential circuit – Sub programs – Test benches. (Examples: address,
counters, flipflops, FSM, Multiplexers / Demltiplexers).
TOTAL : 45 PERIODS
TEXT BOOKS
1. D.A.Pucknell, K.Eshraghian, ‘Basic VLSI Design’, 3rd Edition, Prentice Hall of India,
New Delhi, 2003.
2. Eugene D.Fabricius, ‘Introduction to VLSI Design’, Tata McGraw Hill, 1990.
REFERENCES
1. N.H.Weste, ‘Principles of CMOS VLSI Design’, Pearson Education, India, 2002.
2. Charles H.Roth, ‘Fundamentals of Logic Design’, Jaico Publishing House, 1992.
3. Zainalatsedin Navabi, ‘VHDL Analysis and Modelling of Digital Systems’, 2n Edition,
Tata McGraw Hill, 1998.
4. Douglas Perry, ‘VHDL Programming By Example’, Tata McGraw Hill, 3rdEdition.2007.
5. Parag K.Lala, ‘Digitl System Design using PLD’, BS Publications, 2003

EE2030 OPERATIONS RESEARCH ANNA UNIVERSITY SEVENTH SEMESTER EEE SYLLABUS

EE2030 OPERATIONS RESEARCH

AIM:
To introduce the Linear Programming methods, Algorithms, LC PM and PERT.
OBJECTIVES:
 To study various LP methods.
 To study Algorithms methods.
 To study case studies using CPM and PERT
UNIT I INTRODUCTION 9
Role of Operations Research - Operations Research Models and techniques. LP model
and technique – formulation and graphical Solution – graphical sensitivity Analysis. The
Simplex Algorithm – the two phase method – degeneracy – alterative optima –
unbounded and/or Infeasible Solution – redundancies.
UNIT II PROBLEM FORMULATION 9
Definitions of the Dual Problem – Primal-dual Relationship – Economic Interpretation of
Duality – Dual Simplex Method – Primal Dual Computation – Post Optimal or Sensitivity
Analysis – Changes Affecting Feasibility – Changes Affecting Optimality – Revised
Simplex Method – LP Packages.
UNIT III ALGORITHMS AND MODELS 9
Definition of Transportation Model – The Transportation Algorithm – Determination of the
Starting Solution – Iterative Computations of an Algorithm – The Assignment Model –
The Hungarian Method – The Transshipment Model – Inter Programming Problem –
Cutting Plane Algorithm.
UNIT IV NETWORK SOLUTIONS 9
Scope of Network Applications – Network Solution – Minimal Spanning Tree Algorithm –
Shortest Route Problem – Examples – Shortest Route Algorithm – Maximal Flow Model
– Minimal cost Capacitated Flow Problems.
UNIT V CASE STUDIES USING CPM AND PERT 9
Network Diagram Representation – Critical Path Method – Time Estimates – Crashing –
Time Charts – PERT and CPM for Project Scheduling – Resource Planning - Case
Studies.
TOTAL : 45 PERIODS
TEXT BOOKS
1. Hamdy A. Taha, ”Operation Research – An Introduction“ ,7th Edition Person
Education / Prentice Hall of India Edition, Asia, 2002. (For All Chapters 1, 2, 3, 4
and 5)
2. Srinivasn, “Operations Research: Principles and applications”, Prentice Hall of India,
2007 New Edition, (For All Chapters).
REFERENCES
1. Ronald. L. Rardin ,”Optimization in Operation Research”, Pearson Education, Asia,
2002.
2. JIT.S Chandran, Mahendran P.Kawatra Ki Ho Kim ,”Essential of Linear
Programming”, Vikas Publishing House Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 1994.
3. Hiller F.S, Liberman G.J ,”Introduction to Operation Research”, 7th Edition, McGraw
Hill, 2001. (For all Chapters 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5)
4. R.Panneer Selvam ,”Operations Research”, Prentice Hall of India, 2002. (For All
Chapters).
5. P.C.Tulsin,”Quantitative Technique : Theory and Problem”, Pearson Education,
2002.
6. Ravindran, Phillips, Solberg ,”Operation Research Principles and Practice”, Second
Edition, John Wiley, 1987.

EE2029 SYSTEM IDENTIFICATION AND ADAPTIVE CONTROL ANNA UNIVERSITY SEVENTH SEMESTER EEE SYLLABUS

EE2029 SYSTEM IDENTIFICATION AND ADAPTIVE CONTROL

UNIT I PARAMETRIC METHODS 5
Nonparametric methods: Transient analysis-frequency analysis-Correlation analysis-
Spectral analysis.
UNIT II PARAMETRIC METHODS 10
Linar Regression: The Lease square esimate-best liner unbiased etimation under
linear constraints- updating the Parameter estimates for linear regression models-
Predcion error methods: Description of Prediction error methods-Optimal Predictio –
relationships between Prediction error methods and other identification methodstheoretical
analysis.
Instrumental variable methods: description of nstrumental variable methods-theoretical
analysis-covariance matrix of IV estimates- Comparison of optimal IV predicion error
methods.
UNIT III RECURSIVE IDENTIFICATION METHODS 10
The recursive lest squares method-the recursive Instrumentl varible method-the
recursive prediction error method-model validatio and model structure etermination.
Indenification of systems operating in closed loop: Identifiability considerations-direct
indentification-Indirect indentification-joint input – output identification.
UNIT IV ADAPTIVE CONTROL SCHEMES 10
Introduction – users- Definitions-auto tuning-types of adaptive control-gain scheduling
controller-model reference adaptive control schemes – self tunning controller. MRAC
and STC : Approaches – The Gradient approach – Lyapunov functions – Passivity
theory – pole placement method Minimum variance control – Predictive control.
UNIT V ISSUES IN ADAPIVE CONTROL AND APPLICATION 10
Stability – Convergence – Robustness – Application of adaptive conrol.
TOTAL : 45 PERIODS
TEXT BOOKS
1. Soderstorm.T and Petre stioca, System Identification, Prentice Hall International
(UK) Ltd. 1989.
2. Karl J.Astrom and Bjorn Wittenmark, Adaptive Conrol, Pearson Education, 2nd
Editon, 2001.
REFERENCES
1. Ljung,L.System Identification: Theory for the user, Pretice Hall, Englewood cliffs, 1987.
2. Sastry S. and Bodson M., daptive control – stability, Convergence ad Robustness,
Prentice Hall inc., New Jersey, 12989.

EE2028 POWER QUALITY ANNA UNIVERSITY SEVENTH SEMESTER EEE SYLLABUS E

EE2028 POWER QUALITY

AIM:
To study the various issues affecting power quality, their production, monitoring and
suppression.
OBJECTIVES:
 To study the production of voltages sags, overvoltages and harmonics and methods
 of control.
 To study various methods of power quality monitoring.
UNIT I INTRODUCTION TO POWER QUALITY 9
Terms and definitions: Overloading - under voltage - over voltage. Concepts of
transients - short duration variations such as interruption - long duration variation such
as sustained interruption. Sags and swells - voltage sag - voltage swell - voltage
imbalance - voltage fluctuation - power frequency variations. International standards of
power quality. Computer Business Equipment Manufacturers Associations (CBEMA)
curve.
UNIT II VOLTAGE SAGS AND INTERRUPTIONS 9
Sources of sags and interruptions - estimating voltage sag performance. Thevenin’s
equivalent source - analysis and calculation of various faulted condition. Voltage sag due
to induction motor starting. Estimation of the sag severity - mitigation of voltage sags,
active series compensators. Static transfer switches and fast transfer switches.
UNIT III OVERVOLTAGES 9
Sources of over voltages - Capacitor switching – lightning - ferro resonance. Mitigation of
voltage swells - surge arresters - low pass filters - power conditioners. Lightning
protection – shielding - line arresters - protection of transformers and cables. An
introduction to computer analysis tools for transients, PSCAD and EMTP.
UNIT IV HARMONICS 9
Harmonic sources from commercial and industrial loads, locating harmonic sources.
Power system response characteristics - Harmonics Vs transients. Effect of harmonics -
harmonic distortion - voltage and current distortion - harmonic indices - inter harmonics –
resonance. Harmonic distortion evaluation - devices for controlling harmonic distortion -
passive and active filters. IEEE and IEC standards.
UNIT V POWER QUALITY MONITORING 9
Monitoring considerations - monitoring and diagnostic techniques for various power
quality problems - modeling of power quality (harmonics and voltage sag) problems by
mathematical simulation tools - power line disturbance analyzer – Quality measurement
equipment - harmonic / spectrum analyzer - flicker meters - disturbance analyzer.
Applications of expert systems for power quality monitoring.
TOTAL : 45 PERIODS
TEXT BOOKS
1. Roger. C. Dugan, Mark. F. McGranagham, Surya Santoso, H.Wayne Beaty,
‘Electrical Power Systems Quality’ McGraw Hill,2003.(For Chapters1,2,3, 4 and 5)
REFERENCES
1. G.T. Heydt, 'Electric Power Quality', 2nd Edition. (West Lafayette, IN, Stars in a
Circle Publications, 1994). (For Chapter 1, 2, 3 and 5)
2. M.H.J Bollen, ‘Understanding Power Quality Problems: Voltage Sags and
Interruptions’, (New York: IEEE Press, 1999). (For Chapters 1, 2, 3 and 5)
3. J. Arrillaga, N.R. Watson, S. Chen, 'Power System Quality Assessment', (New
York: Wiley, 1999). (For Chapters 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5)
4. PSCAD User Manual.

GE2022 TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT ANNA UNIVERSITY SEVENTH SEMESTER EEE SYLLABUS

GE2022 TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT

UNIT I INTRODUCTION 9
Introduction - Need for quality - Evolution of quality - Definition of quality - Dimensions of
manufacturing and service quality - Basic concepts of TQM - Definition of TQM – TQM
Framework - Contributions of Deming, Juran and Crosby – Barriers to TQM.
UNIT II TQM PRINCIPLES 9
Leadership – Strategic quality planning, Quality statements - Customer focus –
Customer orientation, Customer satisfaction, Customer complaints, Customer retention -
Employee involvement – Motivation, Empowerment, Team and Teamwork, Recognition
and Reward, Performance appraisal - Continuous process improvement – PDSA cycle,
5s, Kaizen - Supplier partnership – Partnering, Supplier selection, Supplier Rating.
UNIT III TQM TOOLS & TECHNIQUES I 9
The seven traditional tools of quality – New management tools – Six-sigma: Concepts,
methodology, applications to manufacturing, service sector including IT – Bench marking
– Reason to bench mark, Bench marking process – FMEA – Stages, Types.
UNIT IV TQM TOOLS & TECHNIQUES II 9
Quality circles – Quality Function Deployment (QFD) – Taguchi quality loss function –
TPM – Concepts, improvement needs – Cost of Quality – Performance measures.
UNIT V QUALITY SYSTEMS 9
Need for ISO 9000- ISO 9000-2000 Quality System – Elements, Documentation, Quality
auditing- QS 9000 – ISO 14000 – Concepts, Requirements and Benefits – Case studies
of TQM implementation in manufacturing and service sectors including IT.
TOTAL : 45 PERIODS
TEXT BOOK
1. Dale H.Besterfiled, et at., “Total Quality Management”, Pearson Education Asia,
Third Edition, Indian Reprint (2006).
REFERENCES
1. James R. Evans and William M. Lindsay, “The Management and Control of Quality”,
(6th Edition), South-Western (Thomson Learning), 2005.
2. Oakland, J.S. “TQM – Text with Cases”, Butterworth – Heinemann Ltd., Oxford, Third
Edition (2003).
3. Suganthi,L and Anand Samuel, “Total Quality Management”, Prentice Hall (India)
Pvt. Ltd. (2006)
4. Janakiraman,B and Gopal, R.K, “Total Quality Management – Text and Cases”,
Prentice Hall (India) Pvt. Ltd. (2006)

CS2022 COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE ANNA UNIVERSITY SEVENTH SEMESTER EEE SYLLABUS

CS2022 COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE

UNIT I INSTRUCTION SET ARCHITECTURE 9
Introduction to computer architecture - Review of digital design – Instructions and
addressing – procedures and data – assembly language programs – instruction set
variations
UNIT II ARITHMETIC/LOGIC UNIT 9
Number representation – design of adders – design of simple ALUs – design of
Multipliers and dividers – design of floating point arithmetic unit
UNIT III DATA PATH AND CONTROL 9
Instruction execution steps – control unit synthesis – microprogramming – pipelining –
pipeline performance
UNIT IV MEMORY SYSTEM 9
Main Memory concepts – types of memory – cache memory organization – secondary
storage – virtual memory – paging
UNIT V I/O AND INTERFACES 9
I/O devices – I/O programming – polling – interrupts – DMA – buses – links – interfacing
– context switching – threads and multithreading
L = 45 T = 15 TOTAL = 60 PERIODS
TEXT BOOKS:
1. B. Parhami, “Computer Architecture”, Oxford University Press, 2005.
2. Carl Hamacher, Zvonko Vranesic and Safwat Zaky, “Computer Organization”, Fifth
Edition, Tata McGraw Hill, 2002.
REFERENCES:
1. David A. Patterson and John L. Hennessy, “Computer Organization and Design: The
Hardware/Software interface”, Third Edition, Elsevier, 2004.
2. William Stallings, “Computer Organization and Architecture – Designing for
Performance”, Seventh Edition, Pearson Education, 2006.
3. Miles Murdocca “Computers Architecture and Organization An Integrated approach”,
Wiley India pvt Ltd, 2007
4. John D. Carpinelli, “Computer systems organization and Architecture”, Pearson
Education, 2001.

EE2026 POWER SYSTEM DYNAMICS ANNA UNIVERSITY SEVENTH SEMESTER EEE SYLLABUS

EE2026 POWER SYSTEM DYNAMICS

AIM
To understand the concept of modelling the power system and the components for
simulating the transient and dynamic behaviour of power system meant for the stability
studies.
OBJECTIVES
 To review the modeling of synchronous machine, the excitation system and speedgoverning
controllers.
 To study small signal stability analysis of a single-machine infinite bus system with
excitation system and power system stabilizer.
 To study transient stability simulation of multimachine power system.
UNIT I INTRODUCTION 9
Basics of system dynamics – numerical techniques – introduction to software packages
to study the responses. Concept and importance of power system stability in the
operation and design distinctionbetween transient and dynamic stability - complexity of
stability problem in large system – necessity for reduced models - stability of
interconnected systems.
UNIT II SYNCHRONOUS MACHINE MODELLING 9
Synchronous machine - flux linkage equations - Park’s transformation - per unit
conversion - normalizing the equations - equivalent circuit - current space model - flux
linkage state space model. Sub-transient and transient inductances - time constants.
Simplified models (one axis and constant flux linkage) - steady state equations and
phasor diagrams.
UNIT III MACHINE CONTROLLERS 9
Exciter and voltage regulators - function and types of excitation systems - typical
excitation system configuration - block diagram and state space representation of IEEE
type 1 excitation system - saturation function - stabilizing circuit.
Function of speed governing systems - block diagram and state space representation of
IEEE mechanical hydraulic governor and electrical hydraulic governors for hydro
turbines and steam turbines.
UNIT IV TRANSIENT STABILITY 9
State equation for multimachine system with one axis model and simulation – modelling
of multimachine power system with one axis machine model including excitation system
and speed governing system and simulation using R-K method of fourth order (Gill’s
technique) for transient stability analysis - power system stabilizer. For all simulations,
the algorithm and flow chart have to be discussed.
UNIT V DYNAMIC STABILITY 9
System response to small disturbances - linear model of the unregulated synchronous
machine and its modes of oscillation - regulated synchronous machine - distribution of
power impact - linearization of the load equation for the one machine problem –
simplified linear model - effect of excitation on dynamic stability - approximate system
representation - supplementary stabilizing signals - dynamic performance measure -
small signal performance measures.
TOTAL : 45 PERIODS
TEXT BOOKS
1. P.M. Anderson and A.A.Fouad, ‘Power System Control and Stability’, Galgotia
Publications, New Delhi, 2003.
2. P. Kundur, ‘Power System Stability and Control’, McGraw Hill Inc., USA, 1994.
REFERENCES
1. M.A.Pai and W.Sauer, ‘Power System Dynamics and Stability’, Pearson Education
Asia, India, 2002.
2. James A.Momoh, Mohamed.E. EI-Hawary.“ Electric Systems, Dynamics and stability
with Artificial Intelligence applications”, Marcel Dekker, USA First Edition 2000.

EE2025 INTELLIGENT CONTROL ANNA UNIVERSITY SEVENTH SEMESTER EEE SYLLABUS

EE2025 INTELLIGENT CONTROL

UNIT I INTRODUCTION 9
Approaches to intelligent control. Architecture for intelligent control. Symbolic reasoning
system, rule-based systems, the AI approach. Knowledge representation. Expert
systems.
UNIT II ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS 9
Concept of Artificial Neural Networks and its basic mathematical model, McCulloch-Pitts
neuron model, simple perceptron, Adaline and Madaline, Feed-forward Multilayer
Perceptron. Learning and Training the neural network. Data Processing: Scaling, Fourier
transformation, principal-component analysis and wavelet transformations. Hopfield
network, Self-organizing network and Recurrent network. Neural Network based
controller
UNIT III GENETIC ALGORITHM 9
Basic concept of Genetic algorithm and detail algorithmic steps, adjustment of free
parameters. Solution of typical control problems using genetic algorithm. Concept on
some other search techniques like tabu search and ant-colony search techniques for
solving optimization problems.
UNIT IV FUZZY LOGIC SYSTEM 9
Introduction to crisp sets and fuzzy sets, basic fuzzy set operation and approximate
reasoning. Introduction to fuzzy logic modeling and control. Fuzzification, inferencing
and defuzzification. Fuzzy knowledge and rule bases. Fuzzy modeling and control
schemes for nonlinear systems. Self-organizing fuzzy logic control. Fuzzy logic control
for nonlinear time-delay system.
UNIT V APPLICATIONS 9
GA application to power system optimisation problem, Case studies: Identification and
control of linear and nonlinear dynamic systems using Matlab-Neural Network toolbox.
Stability analysis of Neural-Network interconnection systems. Implementation of fuzzy
logic controller using Matlab fuzzy-logic toolbox. Stability analysis of fuzzy control
systems.
TOTAL : 45 PERIODS
TEXT BOOKS
1. Padhy.N.P.(2005), Artificial Intelligence and Intelligent System, Oxford University
Press.
2. KOSKO,B. "Neural Networks And Fuzzy Systems", Prentice-Hall of India Pvt. Ltd.,
1994.
REFERENCES
1. Jacek.M.Zurada, "Introduction to Artificial Neural Systems", Jaico Publishing
House, 1999.
2. KLIR G.J. & FOLGER T.A. "Fuzzy sets, uncertainty and Information", Prentice-Hall of
India Pvt. Ltd., 1993.
3. Zimmerman H.J. "Fuzzy set theory-and its Applications"-Kluwer Academic
Publishers, 1994.
4. Driankov, Hellendroon, "Introduction to Fuzzy Control", Narosa Publishers.
5. Goldberg D.E. (1989) Genetic algorithms in Search, Optimization and Machine
learning, Addison Wesley.

EE2024 BIO–MEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION ANNA UNIVERSITY SEVENTH SEMESTER EEE SYLLABUS

EE2024 BIO–MEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION

AIM
The course is designed to make the student acquire an adequate knowledge of the
physiological systems of the human body and relate them to the parameters that have
clinical importance. The fundamental principles of equipment that are actually in use at
the present day are introduced.
OBJECTIVES
i. To provide an acquaintance of the physiology of the heart, lung, blood circulation and
circulation respiration. Biomedical applications of different transducers used.
ii. To introduce the student to the various sensing and measurement devices of
electrical origin. To provide awareness of electrical safety of medical equipments
iii. To provide the latest ideas on devices of non-electrical devices.
iv. To bring out the important and modern methods of imaging techniques.
v. To provide latest knowledge of medical assistance / techniques and therapeutic
equipments.
UNIT I PHYSIOLOGY AND TRANSDUCERS 9
Cell and its structure – Resting and Action Potential – Nervous system: Functional
organisation of the nervous system – Structure of nervous system, neurons - synapse –
transmitters and neural communication – Cardiovascular system – respiratory system –
Basic components of a biomedical system - Transducers – selection criteria – Piezo
electric, ultrasonic transducers - Temperature measurements - Fibre optic temperature
sensors.
UNIT II ELECTRO – PHYSIOLOGICAL MEASUREMENTS 9
Electrodes –Limb electrodes –floating electrodes – pregelled disposable electrodes -
Micro, needle and surface electrodes – Amplifiers: Preamplifiers, differential amplifiers,
chopper amplifiers – Isolation amplifier.
ECG – EEG – EMG – ERG – Lead systems and recording methods – Typical
waveforms.
Electrical safety in medical environment: shock hazards – leakage current-Instruments
for checking safety parameters of biomedical equipments
UNIT III NON-ELECTRICAL PARAMETER MEASUREMENTS 9
Measurement of blood pressure – Cardiac output – Heart rate – Heart sound –
Pulmonary function measurements – spirometer – Photo Plethysmography, Body
Plethysmography – Blood Gas analysers : pH of blood –measurement of blood pCO2,
pO2, finger-tip oxymeter - ESR, GSR measurements .
UNIT IV MEDICAL IMAGING 9
Radio graphic and fluoroscopic techniques – Computer tomography – MRI –
Ultrasonography – Endoscopy – Thermography – Different types of biotelemetry
systems and patient monitoring – Introduction to Biometric systems
UNIT V ASSISTING AND THERAPEUTIC EQUIPMENTS 9
Pacemakers – Defibrillators – Ventilators – Nerve and muscle stimulators – Diathermy –
Heart – Lung machine – Audio meters – Dialysers – Lithotripsy
TOTAL : 45 PERIODS
TEXT BOOKS
1. R.S.Khandpur, ‘Hand Book of Bio-Medical instrumentation’, Tata McGraw Hill
Publishing Co Ltd., 2003.
2. Leslie Cromwell, Fred J.Weibell, Erich A.Pfeiffer, ‘Bio-Medical Instrumentation and
Measurements’, II edition, Pearson Education, 2002 / PHI.
REFERENCES
1. M.Arumugam, ‘Bio-Medical Instrumentation’, Anuradha Agencies, 2003.
2. L.A. Geddes and L.E.Baker, ‘Principles of Applied Bio-Medical Instrumentation’,
John Wiley & Sons, 1975.
3. J.Webster, ‘Medical Instrumentation’, John Wiley & Sons, 1995.
4. C.Rajarao and S.K. Guha, ‘Principles of Medical Electronics and Bio-medical
Instrumentation’, Universities press (India) Ltd, Orient Longman ltd, 2000.

EE2027 POWER SYSTEM TRANSIENTS ANNA UNIVERSITY SEVENTH SEMESTER EEE SYLLABUS

EE2027 POWER SYSTEM TRANSIENTS

AIM
To review the over voltages (or) surges due to the phenomena of switching operations
and lighting discharge. Also to study propagation, reflection and refraction of these
surges on the equipments their impact on the power system grid.
OBJECTIVES
 To study the generation of switching transients and their control using circuit –
theoretical concept.
 To study the mechanism of lighting strokes and the production of lighting surges.
 To study the propagation, reflection and refraction of travelling waves.
 To study the impact of voltage transients caused by faults, circuit breaker action,
load rejection on integrated power system.
UNIT I INTRODUCTION AND SURVEY 9
Review and importance of the study of transients - causes for transients.
RL circuit transient with sine wave excitation - double frequency transients - basic
transforms of the RLC circuit transients.
Different types of power system transients - effect of transients on power systems – role
of the study of transients in system planning.
UNIT II SWITCHING TRANSIENTS 9
Over voltages due to switching transients - resistance switching and the equivalent
circuit for interrupting the resistor current - load switching and equivalent circuit -
waveforms for transient voltage across the load and the switch - normal and abnormal
switching transients. Current suppression - current chopping - effective equivalent circuit.
Capacitance switching - effect of source regulation - capacitance switching with a
restrike, with multiple restrikes. Illustration for multiple restriking transients - ferro
resonance.
UNIT III LIGHTNING TRANSIENTS 9
Review of the theories in the formation of clouds and charge formation - rate of charging
of thunder clouds – mechanism of lightning discharges and characteristics of lightning
strokes – model for lightning stroke - factors contributing to good line design - protection
using ground wires - tower footing resistance - Interaction between lightning and power
system.
UNIT IV TRAVELING WAVES ON TRANSMISSION LINE COMPUTATION OF
TRANSIENTS 9
Computation of transients - transient response of systems with series and shunt lumped
parameters and distributed lines. Traveling wave concept - step response - Bewely’s
lattice diagram - standing waves and natural frequencies - reflection and refraction of
travelling waves.
UNIT V TRANSIENTS IN INTEGRATED POWER SYSTEM 9
The short line and kilometric fault - distribution of voltages in a power system - Line
dropping and load rejection - voltage transients on closing and reclosing lines - over
voltage induced by faults - switching surges on integrated system. Qualitative application
of EMTP for transient computation.
TOTAL : 45 PERIODS
TEXT BOOKS
1. Allan Greenwood, ‘Electrical Transients in Power Systems’, Wiley Interscience, New
York, 2nd edition 1991.
2. R.D.Begamudre, ‘Extra High Voltage AC Transmission Engineering’, Wiley Eastern
Limited, 1986.
REFERENCES
1. M.S.Naidu and V.Kamaraju, ‘High Voltage Engineering’, Tata McGraw Hill, 2nd
edition, 2000.

GE2021 PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IN ENGINEERING ANNA UNIVERSITY SEVENTH SEMESTER EEE SYLLABUS

GE2021 PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IN ENGINEERING

UNIT I ENGINEERING ETHICS 9
Senses of ‘Engineering Ethics’ – Variety of moral issues – Types of inquiry – Moral
dilemmas – Moral Autonomy – Kohlberg’s theory – Gilligan’s theory – Consensus and
Controversy – Professions and Professionalism – Professional Ideals and Virtues –
Uses of Ethical Theories
UNIT II ENGINEERING AS SOCIAL EXPERIMENTATION 9
Engineering as Experimentation – Engineers as responsible Experimenters – Research
Ethics - Codes of Ethics – Industrial Standards - A Balanced Outlook on Law – The
Challenger Case Study
UNIT III ENGINEER’S RESPONSIBILITY FOR SAFETY 9
Safety and Risk – Assessment of Safety and Risk – Risk Benefit Analysis – Reducing
Risk – The Government Regulator’s Approach to Risk - Chernobyl Case Studies and
Bhopal
UNIT IV RESPONSIBILITIES AND RIGHTS 9
Collegiality and Loyalty – Respect for Authority – Collective Bargaining – Confidentiality
– Conflicts of Interest – Occupational Crime – Professional Rights – Employee Rights –
Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) - Discrimination
UNIT V GLOBAL ISSUES 9
Multinational Corporations – Business Ethics - Environmental Ethics – Computer Ethics -
Role in Technological Development – Weapons Development – Engineers as Managers
– Consulting Engineers – Engineers as Expert Witnesses and Advisors – Honesty –
Moral Leadership – Sample Code of Conduct
TOTAL : 45 PERIODS
TEXT BOOKS
1. Mike Martin and Roland Schinzinger, “Ethics in Engineering”, McGraw Hill, New York
(2005).
2. Charles E Harris, Michael S Pritchard and Michael J Rabins, “Engineering Ethics –
Concepts and Cases”, Thompson Learning, (2000).
REFERENCES
1. Charles D Fleddermann, “Engineering Ethics”, Prentice Hall, New Mexico, (1999).
2. John R Boatright, “Ethics and the Conduct of Business”, Pearson Education, (2003)
3. Edmund G Seebauer and Robert L Barry, “Fundamentals of Ethics for Scientists and
Engineers”, Oxford University Press, (2001)
4. Prof. (Col) P S Bajaj and Dr. Raj Agrawal, “Business Ethics – An Indian Perspective”,
Biztantra, New Delhi, (2004)
5. David Ermann and Michele S Shauf, “Computers, Ethics and Society”, Oxford
University Press, (2003)

EE2023 ROBOTICS AND AUTOMATION ANNA UNIVERSITY SEVENTH SEMESTER EEE SYLLABUS

EE2023 ROBOTICS AND AUTOMATION

AIM
To provide comprehensive knowledge of robotics in the design, analysis and control
point of view.
OBJECTIVES
i. To study the various parts of robots and fields of robotics.
ii. To study the various kinematics and inverse kinematics of robots.
iii. To study the Euler, Lagrangian formulation of Robot dynamics.
iv. To study the trajectory planning for robot.
v. To study the control of robots for some specific applications.
UNIT I BASIC CONCEPTS 9
Definition and origin of robotics – different types of robotics – various generations of
robots – degrees of freedom – Asimov’s laws of robotics – dynamic stabilization of
robots.
UNIT II POWER SOURCES AND SENSORS 9
Hydraulic, pneumatic and electric drives – determination of HP of motor and gearing
ratio – variable speed arrangements – path determination – micro machines in robotics –
machine vision – ranging – laser – acoustic – magnetic, fiber optic and tactile sensors.
UNIT III MANIPULATORS, ACTUATORS AND GRIPPERS 9
Construction of manipulators – manipulator dynamics and force control – electronic and
pneumatic manipulator control circuits – end effectors – U various types of grippers –
design considerations.
UNIT IV KINEMATICS AND PATH PLANNING 9
Solution of inverse kinematics problem – multiple solution jacobian work envelop – hill
climbing techniques – robot programming languages
UNIT V CASE STUDIES 9
Mutiple robots – machine interface – robots in manufacturing and non- manufacturing
applications – robot cell design – selection of robot.
TOTAL : 45 PERIODS
TEXT BOOKS
1. Mikell P. Weiss G.M., Nagel R.N., Odraj N.G., Industrial Robotics, McGraw-Hill
Singapore, 1996.
2. Ghosh, Control in Robotics and Automation: Sensor Based Integration, Allied
Publishers, Chennai, 1998.
REFERENCES
1. Deb.S.R., Robotics technology and flexible Automation, John Wiley, USA 1992.
2. Asfahl C.R., Robots and manufacturing Automation, John Wiley, USA 1992.
3. Klafter R.D., Chimielewski T.A., Negin M., Robotic Engineering – An integrated
approach, Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi, 1994.
4. Mc Kerrow P.J. Introduction to Robotics, Addison Wesley, USA, 1991.
5. Issac Asimov I Robot, Ballantine Books, New York, 1986.

EE2022 ADVANCED CONTROL SYSTEM ANNA UNIVERSITY SEVENTH SEMESTER EEE SYLLABUS

EE2022 ADVANCED CONTROL SYSTEM

To gain knowledge in state variable analysis, non-linear systems and optimal control.
OBJECTIVES
 To study the state variable analysis
 To provide adequate knowledge in the phase plane analysis.
 To give a basic knowledge in describing function analysis.
 To analyze the stability of the systems using different techniques.
 To study the design of optimal controller.
UNIT I STATE VARIABLE ANALYSIS 9
Concept of state – State Variable and State Model – State models for linear and
continuous time systems – Solution of state and output equation – controllability and
observability - Pole Placement – State observer Design of Control Systems with
observers.
UNIT II PHASE PLANE ANALYSIS 9
Features of linear and non-linear systems - Common physical non-linearities – Methods
of linearising non-linear systems - Concept of phase portraits – Singular points – Limit
cycles – Construction of phase portraits – Phase plane analysis of linear and non-linear
systems – Isocline method.
UNIT III DESCRIBING FUNCTION ANALYSIS 9
Basic concepts, derivation of describing functions for common non-linearities –
Describing function analysis of non-linear systems – Conditions for stability – Stability of
oscillations.
UNIT IV STABILITY ANALYSIS 9
Introduction – Liapunov’s stability concept – Liapunov’s direct method – Lure’s
transformation – Aizerman’s and Kalman’s conjecture – Popov’s criterion – Circle
criterion.
UNIT V OPTIMAL CONTROL 9
Introduction -Decoupling - Time varying optimal control – LQR steady state optimal
control – Optimal estimation – Multivariable control design.
TOTAL : 45 PERIODS
TEXT BOOKS
1. I.J. Nagrath and M. Gopal, ‘Control Systems Engineering’, New Age International
Publishers, 2003.
2. Ashish Tewari, ‘Modern control Design with Matlab and Simulink’, John Wiley, New
Delhi, 2002.
REFERENCES
1. George J. Thaler, ‘Automatic Control Systems’, Jaico Publishers, 1993.
2. M.Gopal, Modern control system theory, New Age International Publishers, 2002.
3. Gene F. Franklin, J. David Powell and Abbasemami-Naeini, “ Feedback Control of
Dynamic Systems”, Fourth edition, Pearson Education, Low price edition. 2002.

CS2021 VISUAL LANGUAGES AND APPLICATIONS ANNA UNIVERSITY SEVENTH SEMESTER EEE SYLLABUS

CS2021 VISUAL LANGUAGES AND APPLICATIONS

AIM
To study the principles and techniques of windows programming using MFC,
procedures, resources, controls and database programming through the visual
languages, Visual C++ and Visual Basic.
OBJECTIVES
i. To study about the concepts of windows programming models, MFC
applications, drawing with the GDI, getting inputs from Mouse and the
Keyboard.
ii. To study the concepts of Menu basics, menu magic and classic controls of
the windows programming using VC++.
iii. To study the concept of Document/View Architecture with single & multiple
document interface, toolbars, status bars and File I/O Serialization.
iv. To study about the integrated development programming event driven
programming, variables, constants, procedures and basic ActiveX controls in
visual basic.
v. To understand the database and the database management system, visual
data manager, data bound controls and ADO controls in VB.
UNIT I FUNDAMENTALS OF WINDOWS AND MFC 9
Messages - Windows programming - SDK style - Hungarian notation and windows data
types - SDK programming in perspective.The benefits of C++ and MFC - MFC design
philosophy - Document/View architecture - MFC class hierarchy - AFX functions.
Application object - Frame window object - Message map.
Drawing the lines – Curves – Ellipse – Polygons and other shapes. GDI pens – Brushes
- GDI fonts - Deleting GDI objects and deselecting GDI objects. Getting input from the
mouse: Client & Non-client - Area mouse messages - Mouse wheel - Cursor. Getting
input from the keyboard: Input focus - Keystroke messages - Virtual key codes -
Character & dead key messages.
UNIT II RESOURCES AND CONTROLS 9
Creating a menu – Loading and displaying a menu – Responding to menu commands –
Command ranges - Updating the items in menu, update ranges – Keyboard
accelerators. Creating menus programmatically - Modifying menus programmatically -
The system menu - Owner draw menus – Cascading menus - Context menus.
The C button class – C list box class – C static class - The font view application – C edit
class – C combo box class – C scrollbar class. Model dialog boxes – Modeless dialog
boxes.
UNIT III DOCUMENT / VIEW ARCHITECTURE 9
The inexistence function revisited – Document object – View object – Frame window
object – Dynamic object creation. SDI document template - Command routing.
Synchronizing multiple views of a document – Mid squares application – Supporting
multiple document types – Alternatives to MDI. Splitter Windows: Dynamic splitter
window – Static splitter windows.
Creating & initializing a toolbar - Controlling the toolbar’s visibility – Creating & initializing
a status bar - Creating custom status bar panes – Status bar support in appwizard.
Opening, closing and creating the files - Reading & Writing – C file derivatives –
Serialization basics - Writing serializable classes.
UNIT IV FUNDAMENTALS OF VISUAL BASIC 10
Menu bar – Tool bar – Project explorer – Toolbox – Properties window – Form designer
– Form layout – Intermediate window. Designing the user interface: Aligning the controls
– Running the application – Visual development and event driven programming.
Variables: Declaration – Types – Converting variable types – User defined data types -
Lifetime of a variable. Constants - Arrays – Types of arrays. Procedures: Subroutines –
Functions – Calling procedures. Text box controls – List box & Combo box controls –
Scroll bar and slider controls – File controls.
UNIT V DATABASE PROGRAMMING WITH VB 8
Record sets – Data control – Data control properties, methods. Visual data manager:
Specifying indices with the visual data manager – Entering data with the visual data
manager. Data bound list control – Data bound combo box – Data bound grid control.
Mapping databases: Database object – Table def object, Query def object.
Programming the active database objects – ADO object model – Establishing a
connection - Executing SQL statements – Cursor types and locking mechanism –
Manipulating the record set object – Simple record editing and updating.
L = 45 T = 15 TOTAL = 60 PERIODS
TEXT BOOKS
1. Jeff Prosise, ‘Programming Windows With MFC’, Second Edition, WP Publishers &
Distributors [P] Ltd, Reprinted 2002.
2. Evangelos Petroutsos, ‘Mastering Visual Basic 6.0’, BPB Publications, 2002.
REFENENCES
1. Herbert Schildt, ‘MFC Programming From the Ground Up’, Second Edition, Tata
McGraw Hill, reprinted 2002.
2. John Paul Muller, ‘Visual C++ 6 From the Ground Up Second Edition’, Tata McGraw
Hill, Reprinted 2002.
3. Curtis Smith & Micheal Amundsen, ‘Teach Yourself Database Programming with
Visual Basic 6 in 21 days’, Techmedia Pub, 1999.

EE2021 FIBRE OPTICS AND LASER INSTRUMENTS ANNA UNIVERSITY SEVENTH SEMESTER EEE SYLLABUS

EE2021 FIBRE OPTICS AND LASER INSTRUMENTS

AIM
To contribute to the knowledge of Fibre optics and Laser Instrumentation and its
Industrial and Medical Application.
OBJECTIVES
 To expose the students to the basic concepts of optical fibres and their properties.
 To provide adequate knowledge about the Industrial applications of optical fibres.
 To expose the students to the Laser fundamentals.
 To provide adequate knowledge about Industrial application of lasers.
 To provide adequate knowledge about holography and Medical applications of
Lasers.
UNIT I OPTICAL FIBRES AND THEIR PROPERTIES 9
Principles of light propagation through a fibre - Different types of fibres and their
properties, fibre characteristics – Absorption losses – Scattering losses – Dispersion –
Connectors and splicers – Fibre termination – Optical sources – Optical detectors.
UNIT II INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION OF OPTICAL FIBRES 9
Fibre optic sensors – Fibre optic instrumentation system – Different types of modulators
– Interferometric method of measurement of length – Moire fringes – Measurement of
pressure, temperature, current, voltage, liquid level and strain.
UNIT III LASER FUNDAMENTALS 9
Fundamental characteristics of lasers – Three level and four level lasers – Properties of
laser – Laser modes – Resonator configuration – Q-switching and mode locking – Cavity
damping – Types of lasers – Gas lasers, solid lasers, liquid lasers, semiconductor
lasers.
UNIT IV INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION OF LASERS 9
Laser for measurement of distance, length, velocity, acceleration, current, voltage and
Atmospheric effect – Material processing – Laser heating, welding, melting and trimming
of material – Removal and vaporization.
UNIT V HOLOGRAM AND MEDICAL APPLICATIONS 9
Holography – Basic principle - Methods – Holographic interferometry and application,
Holography for non-destructive testing – Holographic components – Medical
applications of lasers, laser and tissue interactive – Laser instruments for surgery,
removal of tumors of vocal cards, brain surgery, plastic surgery, gynaecology and
oncology.
TOTAL : 45 PERIODS
TEXT BOOKS
1. J.M. Senior, ‘Optical Fibre Communication – Principles and Practice’, Prentice Hall of
India, 1985.
2. J. Wilson and J.F.B. Hawkes, ‘Introduction to Opto Electronics’, Prentice Hall of
India, 2001.
REFERENCES
1. G. Keiser, ‘Optical Fibre Communication’, McGraw Hill, 1995.
2. M. Arumugam, ‘Optical Fibre Communication and Sensors’, Anuradha Agencies,
2002.
3. John F. Read, ‘Industrial Applications of Lasers’, Academic Press, 1978.
4. Monte Ross, ‘Laser Applications’, McGraw Hill, 1968

EE2451 ELECTRIC ENERGY GENERATION AND UTILISATION AND CONSERVATION ANNA UNIVERSITY SEVENTH SEMESTER EEE SYLLABUS

EE2451 ELECTRIC ENERGY GENERATION AND UTILISATION AND CONSERVATION

AIM To expose students to the main aspects of generation, utilization and conservation.
OBJECTIVES
To impart knowledge on
 Generation of electrical power by conventional and non–conventional methods.
 Electrical energy conservation, energy auditing and power quality.
 Principle and design of illumination systems and methods of heating and welding.
 Electric traction systems and their performance.
 Industrial applications of electric drives.
UNIT I POWER GENERATION 9
Review of conventional methods – thermal, hydro and nuclear based power generation.
Non-conventional methods of power generation – fuel cells - tidal waves – wind –
geothermal – solar - bio-mass - municipal waste. Cogeneration. Effect of distributed
generation on power system operation.
UNIT II ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF GENERATION 9
Economic aspects of power generation – load and load duration curves – number and
size of units – cost of electrical energy – tariff. Economics of power factor improvement –
power capacitors – power quality.
Importance of electrical energy conservation – methods – energy efficient equipments.
Introduction to energy auditing.
UNIT III ILLUMINATION 9
Importance of lighting – properties of good lighting scheme – laws of illumination –
photometry - types of lamps – lighting calculations – basic design of illumination
schemes for residential, commercial, street lighting, and sports ground - energy
efficiency lamps.
UNIT IV INDUSTRIAL HEATING AND WELDING 9
Role electric heating for industrial applications – resistance heating – induction heating –
dielectric heating - electric arc furnaces.
Brief introduction to electric welding – welding generator, welding transformer and the
characteristics.
UNIT V ELECTRIC TRACTION 9
Merits of electric traction – requirements of electric traction system – supply systems –
mechanics of train movement – traction motors and control – braking – recent trends in
electric traction.
TOTAL : 45 PERIODS
TEXT BOOKS
1. C.L. Wadhwa, ‘Generation, Distribution and Utilization of Electrical Energy’, New Age
International Pvt. Ltd, 2003.
2. B.R. Gupta, ‘Generation of Electrical Energy’, Eurasia Publishing House (P) Ltd, New
Delhi, 2003.
REFERENCES
1. H. Partab, ‘Art and Science of Utilisation of Electrical Energy’, Dhanpat Rai and
Co, New Delhi, 2004.
2. E. Openshaw Taylor, ‘Utilization of Electrical Energy in SI Units’, Orient Longman
Pvt. Ltd, 2003.
3. J.B. Gupta, ‘Utilization of Electric Power and Electric Traction’, S.K.Kataria and
Sons, 2002.

EE2404 POWER SYSTEM SIMULATION LABORATORY ANNA UNIVERSITY SEVENTH SEMESTER EEE SYLLABUS

EE2404 POWER SYSTEM SIMULATION LABORATORY

AIM
To acquire software development skills and experience in the usage of standard
packages necessary for analysis and simulation of power system required for its
planning, operation and control.
OBJECTIVES
i. To develop simple C programs for the following basic requirements:
a) Formation of bus admittance and impedance matrices and network
solution.
b) Power flow solution of small systems using simple method, Gauss-
Seidel P.F. method.
c) Unit Commitment and Economic Dispatch.
ii. To acquire experience in the usage of standard packages for the
following analysis / simulation / control functions.
a) Steady-state analysis of large system using NRPF and FDPF methods.
b) Quasi steady-state (Fault) analysis for balanced and unbalanced faults.
c) Transient stability simulation of multimachine power system.
d) Simulation of Load-Frequency Dynamics and control of power system.
1. Computation of Parameters and Modelling of Transmission Lines
2. Formation of Bus Admittance and Impedance Matrices and Solution of
Networks.
3. Load Flow Analysis - I : Solution of Load Flow And Related Problems Using
Gauss-Seidel Method
4. Load Flow Analysis - II: Solution of Load Flow and Related Problems
Using Newton-Raphson and Fast-Decoupled Methods
5. Fault Analysis
6. Transient and Small Signal Stability Analysis: Single-Machine Infinite Bus
System
7. Transient Stability Analysis of Multimachine Power Systems
8. Electromagnetic Transients in Power Systems
9. Load – Frequency Dynamics of Single- Area and Two-Area Power Systems
10. Economic Dispatch in Power Systems.
TOTAL : 45 PERIODS
Detailed Syllabus
1. COMPUTATION OF PARAMETERS AND MODELLING OF TRANSMISSION
LINES
Aim
(i) To determine the positive sequence line parameters L and C per phase per
kilometer of a three phase single and double circuit transmission lines for
different conductor arrangements.
(ii) To understand modelling and performance of short, medium and long lines.
Exercises
1.1 Computation of series inductance and shunt capacitance per phase per km of a
three phase line with flat horizontal spacing for single stranded and bundle
conductor configuration.
1.2 Computation of series inductance and shunt capacitance per phase per km of a
three phase double circuit transmission line with vertical conductor arrangement
with bundle conductor.
1.3 Computation of voltage, current, power factor, regulation and efficiency at the
receiving end of a three phase Transmission line when the voltage and power at
the sending end are given. Use П model.
1.4 Computation of receiving end voltage of a long transmission for a given sending
end voltage and when the line is open circuited at receiving. Also compute the
shunt reactor compensation to limit the no load receiving end voltage to specified
value.
1.5 Determination of the voltage profile along the long transmission line for the
following cases of loading at receiving end (i) no load (ii) rated load (iii) surge
impedance loading and (iv) receiving end short circuited.
2. FORMATION OF BUS ADMITTANCE AND IMPEDANCE MATRICES AND
SOLUTION OF NETWORKS
Aim
To understand the formation of network matrices, the bus admittance matrix Y and the
bus impedance matrix Z of a power network, to effect certain required changes on these
matrices and to obtain network solution using these matrices.
Exercises
2.1 Write a program in C language for formation of bus admittance matrix Y of a power
network using the “Two-Rule Method”, given the data pertaining to the transmission
lines, transformers and shunt elements. Run the program for a sample 6 bus
system and compare the results with that obtained using a standard software.
2.2 Modify the program developed in 2.1 for the following:
(i) To obtain modified Y matrix for the outage of a transmission line, a
Transformer and a shunt element.
(ii) To obtain network solution V given the current injection vector I
(iii) To obtain full Z matrix or certain specified columns of Z matrix.
Verify the correctness of the modified program using 6 bus sample system
* 2.3 Write a program in C language for forming bus impedance matrix Z using
the “Building Algorithm”.
* Optional (not mandatory)
EXPERIMENT 3
LOAD FLOW ANALYSIS - I : SOLUTION OF LOAD FLOW AND RELATED
PROBLEMS USING GAUSS-SEIDEL METHOD
Aim
(i) To understand, the basic aspects of steady state analysis of power systems
that are required for effective planning and operation of power systems.
(ii) To understand, in particular, the mathematical formulation of load flow model
in complex form and a simple method of solving load flow problems of small
sized system using Gauss-Seidel iterative algorithm
Exercises
3.1 Write a program in c language for iteratively solving load flow equations using
Gauss-Seidel method with provision for acceleration factor and for dealing
with P-V buses. Run the program for a sample 6 bus system (Base case)
and compare the results with that obtained using a standard software.
3.2 Solve the “Base case” in 3.1 for different values of acceleration factor, draw the
convergence characteristics “Iteration taken for convergence versus acceleration
factor” and determine the best acceleration factor for the system under study.
3.3 Solve the “Base Case” in 3.1 for the following changed conditions and comment on
the results obtained, namely voltage magnitude of the load buses and transmission
losses:
(i) Dropping all shunt capacitors connected to network
(ii) Changing the voltage setting of generators Vgi over the range 1.00 to 1.05
(iii) Changing the tap setting of the transformers, ai, over the range 0.85 to 1.1
3.4 Resolve the base case in 3.1 after shifting generation from one generator bus to
another generator bus and comment on the MW loading of lines and transformers.
4. LOAD FLOW ANALYSIS – I: SOLUTION OF LOAD FLOW AND RELATED
PROBLEMS USING NEWTON-RAPHSON AND FAST DECOUPLED
METHODS
Aim
(i) To understand the following for medium and large scale power systems:
(a) Mathematical formulation of the load flow problem in real variable form
(b) Newton-Raphson method of load flow (NRLF) solution
(c) Fast Decoupled method of load flow (FDLF) solution
(ii) To become proficient in the usage of software for practical problem solving in
the areas of power system planning and operation.
(iii) To become proficient in the usage of the software in solving problems using
Newton-Raphson and Fast Decoupled load flow methods.
Exercises
4.1 Solve the load flow problem (Base case) of a sample 6 bus system using Gauss-
Seidel, Fast Decoupled and Newton-Raphson Load Flow programs for a mismatch
convergence tolerance of 0.01 MW, plot the convergence characteristics and
compare the convergence rate of the three methods.
4.2 Obtain an optimal (minimum transmission loss) load flow solution for the Base case
loading of 6 bus sample system by trial and error approach through repeated load
flow solutions using Fast Decoupled Load Flow package for different combinations
of generator voltage settings, transformer tap settings, and reactive power of shunt
elements.
4.3 Carry out contingency analysis on the optimal state obtained in 4.2 for outage of a
transmission line using FDLF or NRLF package.
4.4 Obtain load flow solutions using FDLF or NRLF package on the optimal state
obtained in 4.2 but with reduced power factor (increased Q load) load and comment
on the system voltage profile and transmission loss.
4.5 Determine the maximum loadability of a 2 bus system using analytical solution as
well as numerical solution using FDLF package. Draw the P-V curve of the system.
4.6 For the base case operating state of the 6 bus system in 4.1 draw the P-V curve for
the weakest load bus. Also obtain the voltage Stability Margin (MW Index) at
different operating states of the system.
4.7 For the optimal operating state of 6 bus system obtained in 4.2 determine the
Available Transfer Capability (ATC) between a given “source bus” and a given “s
5. FAULT ANALYSIS
Aim
To become familiar with modelling and analysis of power systems under faulted
condition and to compute the fault level, post-fault voltages and currents for different
types of faults, both symmetric and unsymmetric.
Exercises
5.1 Calculate the fault current, post fault voltage and fault current through the branches
for a three phase to ground fault in a small power system and also study the effect of
neighbouring system. Check the results using available software.
5.2 Obtain the fault current, fault MVA, Post-fault bus voltages and fault current
distribution for single line to ground fault, line-to-line fault and double line to ground
fault for a small power system, using the available software. Also check the fault
current and fault MVA by hand calculation.
5.3 Carryout fault analysis for a sample power system for LLLG, LG, LL and LLG faults
and prepare the report.
6. TRANSIENT AND SMALL-SIGNAL STABILITY ANALYSIS: SINGLE
MACHINE-INFINITE BUS SYSTEM
Aim
To become familiar with various aspects of the transient and small signal stability
analysis of Single-Machine Infinite Bus (SMIB) system.
Exercises
For a typical power system comprising a generating, step-up transformer, double-circuit
transmission line connected to infinite bus:
Transient Stability Analysis
6.1 Hand calculation of the initial conditions necessary for the classical model of the
synchronous machine.
6.2 Hand computation of critical clearing angle and time for the fault using equal area
criterion.
6.3 Simulation of typical disturbance sequence: fault application, fault clearance by
opening of one circuit using the software available and checking stability by plotting
the swing curve.
6.4 Determination of critical clearing angle and time for the above fault sequence
through trial and error method using the software and checking with the hand
computed value.
6.5 Repetition of the above for different fault locations and assessing the fault severity
with respect to the location of fault
6.6 Determination of the steady-state and transient stability margins.
Small-signal Stability Analysis:
6.7 Familiarity with linearised swing equation and characteristic equation and its roots,
damped frequency of oscillation in Hz, damping ratio and undamped natural
frequency.
6.8 Force-free time response for an initial condition using the available software.
6.9 Effect of positive, negative and zero damping.
7. TRANSIENT STABILITY ANALYSIS OF MULTIMACHINE POWER SYSTEMS
Aim
To become familiar with modelling aspects of synchronous machines and network, stateof-
the-art algorithm for simplified transient stability simulation, system behaviour when
subjected to large disturbances in the presence of synchronous machine controllers and
to become proficient in the usage of the software to tackle real life problems encountered
in the areas of power system planning and operation.
Exercises
For typical multi-machine power system:
7.1 Simulation of typical disturbance sequence: fault application, fault clearance by
opening of a line using the software available and assessing stability with and
without controllers.
7.2 Determination of critical clearing angle and time for the above fault sequence
through trial and error method using the software.
7.3 Determination of transient stability margins.
7.4 Simulation of full load rejection with and without governor.
7.5 Simulation of loss of generation with and without governor.
7.6 Simulation of loss of excitation (optional).
7.7 Simulation of under frequency load shedding scheme (optional).
8. ELECTROMAGNETIC TRANSIENTS IN POWER SYSTEMS
Aim
To study and understand the electromagnetic transient phenomena in power systems
caused due to switching and faults by using Electromagnetic Transients Program
(EMTP) and to become proficient in the usage of EMTP to address problems in the
areas of over voltage protection and mitigation and insulation coordination of EHV
systems.
Exercises
Using the EMTP software or equivalent
Simulation of single-phase energisation of the load through single-phase pi-model of a
transmission line and understanding the effect of source inductance.
8.1 Simulation of three-phase energisation of the load through three-phase pi-model
of a transmission line and understanding the effect of pole discrepancy of a
circuit breaker.
8.2 Simulation of energisation of an open-ended single-phase distributed parameter
transmission line and understanding the travelling wave effects.
8.3 Simulation of a three-phase load energisation through a three-phase distributed
parameter line with simultaneous and asynchronous closing of circuit breaker
and studying the effects.
8.4 Study of transients due to single line-to-ground fault.
8.5 Computation of transient recovery voltage.
9. LOAD-FREQUENCY DYNAMICS OF SINGLE-AREA AND TWOAREA
POWER SYSTEMS
Aim
To become familiar with the modelling and analysis of load-frequency and tie-line flow
dynamics of a power system with load-frequency controller (LFC) under different control
modes and to design improved controllers to obtain the best system response.
Exercises
9.1 Given the data for a Single-Area power system, simulate the load-frequency
dynamics (only governor control) of this area for a step load disturbance of small
magnitude, plot the time response of frequency deviation and the corresponding
change in turbine power. Check the value of steady state frequency deviation
obtained from simulation with that obtained by hand calculation.
9.2 Carry out the simulation of load-frequency dynamics of the Single-Area power
system in 9.1 with Load-frequency controller (Integral controller) for different values
of KI (gain of the controller) and choose the best value of KI to give an “optimal”
response with regard to peak over shoot, settling time, steady-state error and Mean-
Sum-Squared-Error.
9.3 Given the data for a two-area (identical areas) power system, simulate the loadfrequency
dynamics (only governor control) of this system for a step load
disturbance in one area and plot time response of frequency deviation, turbine
power deviation and tie-line power deviation. Compare the steady-state frequency
deviation obtained with that obtained in the case of single-area system.
9.4 Carry out the simulation of load-frequency dynamics of two-area system in 9.3 for
the following control modes:
(i) Flat tie-line control
(ii) Flat frequency control
(iii) Frequency bias tie-line control
and for the frequency bias Tie-line control mode, determine the optimal values of
gain and frequency bias factor required to get the “best” time response.
9.5 Given the data for a two-area (unequal areas) power system, determine the best
controller parameters; gains and bias factors to give an optimal response for
frequency deviation and tie-line deviations with regard to peak overshoot, settling
time, steady-state error and Mean-Sum-Squared-Error.
10. ECONOMIC DISPATCH IN POWER SYSTEMS
Aim
(i) To understand the basics of the problem of Economic Dispatch (ED) of optimally
adjusting the generation schedules of thermal generating units to meet the system
load which are required for unit commitment and economic operation of power
systems.
(ii) To understand the development of coordination equations (the mathematical model
for ED) without and with losses and operating constraints and solution of these
equations using direct and iterative methods
Exercises
10.1. Write a program in ‘C’ language to solve economic dispatch problem of a
power system with only thermal units. Take production cost function as
quadratic and neglect transmission loss.
10.2. Write a program in ‘C’ language to solve economic dispatch problem of a
power system. Take production cost as quadratic and include transmission
loss using loss co-efficient. Use λ-iteration algorithm for solving the coordination
equations.
10.3. Determine using the program developed in exercise 10.1 the economic
generation schedule of each unit and incremental cost of received power for a
sample power system, for a given load cycle.
10.4. Determine using the program developed in exercise 10.2 the economic
generation schedule of each unit, incremental cost of received power and
transmission loss for a sample system, for the given load levels.
10.5. Apply the software module developed in 10.1 to obtain an optimum unit
commitment schedule for a few load levels.
REQUIREMENT FOR A BATCH OF 30 STUDENTS
S.No. Description of Equipment Quantity
required
1. Personal computers (Pentium-IV, 80GB, 512
MBRAM)
25
2. Printer laser 1
3. Dotmatrix 1
4. Server (Pentium IV, 80GB, 1GBRAM) (High
Speed Processor)
1
5. Software: E.M.T.P/ETAP/CYME/MIPOWER
/any power system simulation software
5 licenses
6. Compliers: C, C++, VB, VC++ 25 users

CS2411 OPERATING SYSTEMS ANNA UNIVERSITY SEVENTH SEMESTER EEE SYLLABUS

CS2411 OPERATING SYSTEMS

AIM: To learn the various aspects of operating systems such as process management,
memory management, file systems, and I/O management
UNIT I PROCESSES AND THREADS 9
Introduction to operating systems – review of computer organization – operating system
structures – system calls – system programs – system structure – virtual machines.
Processes: Process concept – Process scheduling – Operations on processes –
Cooperating processes – Interprocess communication – Communication in client-server
systems. Case study: IPC in Linux. Threads: Multi-threading models – Threading issues.
Case Study: Pthreads library
UNIT II PROCESS SCHEDULING AND SYNCHRONIZATION 10
CPU Scheduling: Scheduling criteria – Scheduling algorithms – Multiple-processor
scheduling – Real time scheduling – Algorithm Evaluation. Case study: Process
scheduling in Linux. Process Synchronization: The critical-section problem –
Synchronization hardware – Semaphores – Classic problems of synchronization –
critical regions – Monitors. Deadlock: System model – Deadlock characterization –
Methods for handling deadlocks – Deadlock prevention – Deadlock avoidance –
Deadlock detection – Recovery from deadlock.
UNIT III STORAGE MANAGEMENT 9
Memory Management: Background – Swapping – Contiguous memory allocation –
Paging – Segmentation – Segmentation with paging. Virtual Memory:Background –
Demand paging – Process creation – Page replacement –Allocation of frames –
Thrashing. Case Study: Memory management in Linux
UNIT IV FILE SYSTEMS 9
File-System Interface: File concept – Access methods – Directory structure –Filesystem
mounting – Protection. File-System Implementation : Directory implementation
– Allocation methods – Free-space management – efficiency and performance –
recovery – log-structured file systems. Case studies: File system in Linux – file
system in Windows XP
UNIT V I/O SYSTEMS 8
I/O Systems – I/O Hardware – Application I/O interface – kernel I/O subsystem –
streams – performance. Mass-Storage Structure: Disk scheduling – Disk management –
Swap-space management – RAID – disk attachment – stable storage – tertiary storage.
Case study: I/O in Linux
TOTAL : 45 PERIODS
TEXT BOOKS
1. Silberschatz, Galvin, and Gagne, “Operating System Concepts”, Sixth Edition, Wiley
India Pvt Ltd, 2003.
2. D. M. Dhamdhere, “Operating Systems: A concepts based approach”, Second
Edition, Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Company Ltd., 2006.
REFERENCES
1. Andrew S. Tanenbaum, “Modern Operating Systems”, Second Edition, Pearson
Education/PHI, 2001.
2. Harvey M. Deital, “Operating Systems”, Third Edition, Pearson Education, 2004.