TT2307 TEXTILE QUALITY EVALUATION LAB ANNA UNIVERSITY FIFTH SEMESTER TEXTILE ENGINEERING SYLLABUS

TT2307 TEXTILE QUALITY EVALUATION LAB

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS
(Minimum of 10 experiments shall be offered)
Measurement of Fibre Length.
Measurement of Fibre Strength.
Measurement of Fibre Fineness.
Measurement of Fibre Maturity.
Measurement of Fibre Trash & Lint.
Measurement of Fibre Nep content.
Measurement of Fibre Linear density of sliver, roving and yarn.
Measurement of single yarn and ply yarn twist.
Measurement of single yarn strength and Lea strength.
Measurement of Yarn Evenness.
Measurement of Yarn Impact Strength.
Measurement of Fabric thickness, Stiffness and Crease recovery.
Measurement of Fabric Tensile Strength.
Measurement of Fabric Bursting strength and Color fastness.
Measurement of Abrasion Resistance.
Measurement of Fabric Pilling.
Crimp study, GSM study in Fabric and Fabric engineering.

GE2321 COMMUNICATION SKILLS LABORATORY

TT2306 FABRIC MANUFACTURE LAB II

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS
(Minimum of ten experiments shall be offered)
To study the mechanism, setting & operation of the following loom motions.
Tappet Shedding
Dobby and method of pegging.
Side Weft Fork Mechanism
Loose Reed
Fast Reed
Loom Brake and Clutch Mechanism
4x1 Drop Box Mechanism
4 x 4 Drop Box Mechanism and Pick at will Motion
Positive Let off
Warp Stop Motion
Automatic Pirn Changing
Centre Weft Fork Motion
Shuttleless Loom

TT2305 TEXTILE QUALITY EVALUATION ANNA UNIVERSITY FIFTH SEMESTER TEXTILE ENGINEERING SYLLABUS

TT2305 TEXTILE QUALITY EVALUATION

UNIT I INTRODUCTION

Definition of quality – Product based, User based, Manufacturing based, Value based.
Types of quality – Quality of Design, Quality of Conformance, Quality of performance.
Quality control and Quality assurance. Factors influencing quality. Reasons for quality
evaluation. Terms used in sampling. Fibre sampling from bulk, Fibre sampling from
combed slivers, rovings and yarn. Yarn sampling, Fabric sampling.

UNIT II STATISTICAL EVALUATION
Measures of central tendency and dispersion, Determination of number of tests, Types
of error, Sources of error, Design of experiments – Factorial designs, Response surface
designs, Taguchi designs. Repeatability, Reproducibility.

UNIT III FIBRE QUALITY EVALUATION
Measurement of fibre fineness and its importance. Measurement of fibre length and its
uniformity. Principles of various fibre testing instruments – High Volume Instrument,
Advanced Fibre Information System. Principles of measurement of single fibre fineness,
strength and crimp characteristics of man-made fibres – Lenzing Technik’s Vibroscope,
Vibrodyn, Vibrojet, Vibrotex. Principle of fibre strength measurement by Stelometer,
Determination of moisture content and regain in fibres. Innovations in fibre quality
evaluation.

UNIT IV YARN QUALITY EVALUATION
Linear density, Twist, Evenness, Hairiness, Bulk, Friction and Abrasion. Tensile
Properties of Yarn, Tensile Testing of Yarn at High Speeds – Uster Tensojet, Lenzing
Speedy, Textechno’s Statimat, Influence of test speed, specimen length, humidity and
temperature on yarn tensile characteristics, Classification of yarn imperfections and
faults, Yarn appearance assessment – ASTM yarn grades, Electronic Inspection Board,
Latest developments in yarn testing instruments.

UNIT V FABRIC QUALITY EVALUATION
Tensile strength, Tear strength, Bursting strength, Dimensional stability, Serviceability,
Air permeability and Water repellency, Abrasion resistance & Pilling, Color fastness,
Comfort, Objective evaluation of fabric handle, Advances in fabric quality evaluation.

TEXT BOOKS
1. V. K. Kothari (Ed), Testing and Quality Management, Vol.1, IAFL Publications, New Delhi, India, 1999.
2. B. P. Saville, Physical Testing of Textiles, Woodhead Publishing Ltd., England, 1999.

REFERENCES
1. J.E. Booth, Textile Testing, Butterworth Heinemann Ltd., U.K, 1996.
2. Basu, Textile Testing; Fibre, Yarn and Fabric, SITRA, Coimbatore, 2001.
3. G.E.P.Box, W.G.Hunter and J.S.Hunter, Statistics for Experimenters, John Wiley &Sons, Inc., USA, 1978.

TT2304 TEXTILE CHEMICAL PROCESSING ANNA UNIVERSITY FIFTH SEMESTER TEXTILE ENGINEERING SYLLABUS

TT2304 TEXTILE CHEMICAL PROCESSING


UNIT I
Wet process sequences for cotton, wool, silk, blended fabrics: Singeing -Yarn singeing
machines. Gas singeing machine for woven and tubular knits - Classification of desizing
methods-Hydrolytic methods and oxidative methods - Enzymatic desizing - Scouring –
Kier boiling - Saponification, Emulsification. Detergency-Lime boil Vs soda boil –Types of
Kier-Wool carbonizing- Degumming of silk.
UNIT II
Bleaching of cotton: Hypochlorite-Hydrogen Peroxide-Sodium chlorite. Batchwise, Semicontinuous
and Continuous processes. Continuous scouring and bleaching machines,
washing ranges, hydro extractors. Bleaching of viscose/linen, cotton/viscose, and
polyester/cotton blends.
Mercerization: Theory of Processes – Methods-Chemicals-Effects. Yarn mercerizer,
Chain and Chainless Mercerizers, Circular mercerizing machine. Liquid ammonia
treatment-Equipments-Kier-J box-Pad roll, Mangles, Jigger, Winch, Jet and Softflow
machines, Detwisters, Dryers, Stenter and Stretching devices.
UNIT III
Dyeing: Introduction to dyeing of natural and synthetic fibres, fabrics and blends with
various dye classes. Recent developments in dyeing of natural fibres, synthetic fibres
and their blends Problems in dyeing and their solutions Eco-friendly chemicals and
banned dyes.
UNIT IV
Mechanical and economic aspects of fibre, yarn, and fabric Scouring, bleaching and
dyeing machines for woven and knits. Loose stock, bale, hank, package, Jigger, Winch,
HT beam, Jet, Padding mangles and garment dyeing machines.
UNIT V
Color Measurement: Application of Computer Color Matching system to evaluate
strength of dye, shade matching, whiteness / yellowness index. Fastness properties of
dyed products

TEXT BOOKS
1. Trotman, E.R., “Dyeing and Chemical Technology of Textile Fibres”, Charles Griffin and Co. Ltd., London. 1990.
2. Shenai, V.A. “Technology of Bleaching and Mercerzing - Vol. III”, Sevak Publications Chennai, 1991
.
REFERENCES
1. Shenai, V.A., “Fundamentals of Principles of Textile Wet Processing”,
2. Marsh J.T., “Mercerizing”, Chapman and Hall Ltd., London, 1041.
3. Bhagwat R.S “Handbook of Textile Processing”, Color Publication, Mumbai, 1999
4. Shenai, V.A., “Principle and Practice of Dyeing”, Sevak Publisher, Bombay.
5. T.L.Vigo, “Textile Processing and Properties”, Elsevier, New York, 1994.

TT2303 FABRIC MANUFACTURE – II ANNA UNIVERSITY FIFTH SEMESTER TEXTILE ENGINEERING SYLLABUS

TT2303 FABRIC MANUFACTURE – II

UNIT I
Basic Weaving motions – Warp Let- off, shedding, filling insertion, Beat- Up, Take -Up
Auxiliary functions. Classification of looms. Loom timing diagram for different motions,
Negative and Positive Cam shedding - Negative and Positive Dobby shedding – Cross
border Dobby - Pick finding device and dobby pegging.
UNIT II
Jacquard shedding – Single Lift, Single Cylinder, Double Lift, Single Cylinder, Double
Lift, Double Cylinder jacquards, Electronic jacquards - Card Cutting Lasing. Cone
overpick, Side leverpick, Cone underpick, Ruti Underpick, swell checking, check straps,
hydraulic Swell checking, Check Straps, Hydraulic checking - 4 bar 6 bar linkage, beat
up mechanism, crank arm types.
UNIT III
Weaving Accessories -Types and Selection of Heald Wires, Heald Frames, Reeds,
Shuttles, Picking Accessories, Drop Wires, and Temples. Negative let off and Positive
Let off, Five and Seven Wheel take up motions, Continuous take up motion, Loose Reed
and Fast Reed Mechanisms, Types of Warp Stop Motions, Multiple Box Motions, Pick at
will motion.
UNIT IV
Weft feelers - different types. Pirn transfer mechanisms, Thread Cutters, Eye and temple
cutters. Yarn quality requirements for Shuttleless looms, Principles of weft insertion in
shuttleless loom, weft accumulators – selvedges – mechanisms of weft insertion by
Projectile, Rapier, Airjet and Waterjet, Techno economics of shuttleless weaving.
UNIT V
Multiphase looms, quick style changes, Weaving of rotor spun yarns, blended yarns,
filament yarns – denim – Warp preparation and weaving of Terry fabrics- Improving
productivity

TEXT BOOKS
1. Sriramlu P.K., Ajgaonkar D.B. & Talukdar M.K., Weaving Machines: Mechanisms, Management, Mahajan Publishers, Ahmedabad, 1998.
2. Marks P & Robinson A.T.C., Principles of Weaving, the Textile Institute, Manchester,
1989.
REFERENCES
1. Lord P.R. and Mohamed M.H., Weaving: Conversion of Yarn to Fabric, Merrow publications, 1992.
2. Chakravorthy B., Mechanism of Weaving Machines, Smt.Chakravorthy serampore W.B.1982.
3. Ormerod, Modern Preparation and Weaving, Butterworths & Co. Ltd., 1983.
4. Talavasek O. & Svaty V., Shuttleless Weaving Machines, Elsevier Scientific Pub.Co., New York 1981.
5. Adanur S., Handbook of Weaving, Technomic Publishing Co., Inc., 2001.

TT2302 PROCESS AND QUALITY CONTROL IN SPINNING ANNA UNIVERSITY FIFTH SEMESTER TEXTILE ENGINEERING SYLLABUS

TT2302 PROCESS AND QUALITY CONTROL IN SPINNING

UNIT I PROCESS CONTROL CONCEPT AND STATISTICAL APPLICATION
Scope of process control in spinning - Identification of process variables and product
characteristics to control process in the blow room, card, draw frame, comber, speed
frame and yarn spinning - Concepts of developing norms and standards for spinning
process. Application of statistical techniques in process and quality control
UNIT II CONTROL OF RAW MATERIAL QUALITY
Quality control of mixing quality through fibre quality characteristics - Concept of fibre
quality index and its application – Prediction of spinnability and yarn quality - Blending
irregularity. Causes of nep generation –.nep removal in carding and combing machines.
Online monitoring and control of neps on modern cards
UNIT III CONTROL OF YARN REALIZATION AND WASTE
Estimation of yarn realization – Determination of trash content and cleaning efficiency in
blow room and carding – Determination of comber noil and combing efficiency - Control
of waste in blow room, carding and comber - Control of hard waste.
UNIT IV YARN QUALITY CONTROL 9
Assessment of within and between bobbin count variations, Assessment and control of
count variations in preparatory machines and ringframe –Assessment of yarn
unevenness and imperfections - causes for unevenness and imperfections - unevenness
caused by random fibre arrangement – Drafting waves – Periodic variation. Yarn faults –
classification – assessment of faults – causes and methods to reduce faults. Causes for
variability in strength, elongation and hairiness and measures for their control.
UNIT V PRODUCTION CONTROL
Factors affecting the productivity in ring spinning. Productivity indices. Methods for
maximizing production in spinning machinery – New concepts. Effect of Machinery
maintenance and Humidity on production. Causes for end breaks in spinning, Measures
to control end breaks, Snap study.

TEXT BOOKS
1. Garde. A. R. & Subramaniam T. A., Process Control in Spinning, ATIRA, Ahmedabad 1989.
2. Ratnam T.V. & Chellamani. K. P., Quality Control in Spinning, SITRA Coimbatore 1999.

REFERENCES
1. Chattopadhyay R., “Advances in Technology of Yarn Production”, NCUTE Publication, New Delhi, 2002.
2. Van der Sluiji M and Hunter L., “Neps in Cotton Lint”, Textile Progress, the Textile Institute, Manchester, U.K., 1999.
3. Klein W., “Man-made Fibre and their Processing”, the Textile Institute, Manchester, U.K. 1994.
4. Slater K., “Yarn Evenness”, Textile Progress, The Textile Institute, Manchester, U.K., 1986

TT2301 KNITTING TECHNOLOGY ANNA UNIVERSITY FIFTH SEMESTER TEXTILE ENGINEERING SYLLABUS

TT2301 KNITTING TECHNOLOGY

UNIT I
Properties of Woven and Knitted fabrics. Terms and definitions used in Knitting, Yarn
quality requirements for knitting. Comparison of warp and weft knitting. Classification of
warp and weft knitting machines Knitting needles: Spring - beard – Latch – Compound
needles.
UNIT II
Classification of Weft Knit structure – Technical terms and symbolic representation of
Weft Knit structure – Characteristics of Plain, Rib, Interlock, Purl Knit structures. Rib,
interlock and purl circular knitting machines. Fundamentals of formation of knit tuck and
float stitches. Factors affecting the formation of loop. Effect of loop length and shape on
fabric properties. Faults in knitted fabrics, causes and remedies. Production calculation.
UNIT III
Basic principles and elements of flat knitting machines. Different types of flat knitting
machines-manual, mechanical and computer controlled knitting machines. Production of
various fabric designs with flat knitting machines.
Jacquard knitting – Pattern wheel, Pattern drum, Tape patterning devices, Electronic
devices.
UNIT IV
Warp knitting fundamentals, Basic Warp knitted structures, closed lap and Open lap
stitches. Classification of Warp Knitting Machines – Knitting elements of Rachel and
Tricot knitting machine, Points of difference between Rachel and Tricot knitting machine.
Representation of Warp – Knit structure.
UNIT V
Basic Yarn Properties for Weft and Warp Knitting – Defects in weft and Warp Knitted
fabrics, causes and remedies – Test for Weft Knit quality – Knitting Calculations for Weft
Knits and Warp Knits.

TEXT BOOKS
1. D.B Ajgaonkar., “Knitting Technology”, Universal Publication Corporation, Mumbai,1998.
2. D.J.Spencer., “Knitting Technology”, Textile Institute, Manchester, 1989.
REFERENCES
1. Chandrasekhar Iyer, Bernd Mammal and Wolfgang Schach., “Circular Knitting”,Meisenbach GmbH, Bamberg, 1995.
2. Samuel Raz., “Flat Knitting; The new generation”, MeisenbachGmbH, Bamberg,
3. Samuel Raz., “Warp Knitting Production”, Melliand TextilberichteGmbH,Rohrabacher, 1987.

TT2042 TECHNICAL TEXTILES ANNA UNIVERSITY SYLLABUS

UNIT I 9

Technical Textiles – An Overview:

Milestones in the development of technical textiles, Textile processes, applications,

Globalization of technical textiles, Future of the technical textiles industry.

Definition and scope of technical textiles,

Technical Fibres

chemical- and combustion-resistant organic fibres, High performance inorganic fibres,

Ultra-fine and novelty fibres, Fibres used in Civil and agricultural engineering,

Automotive and aeronautics, Medical and hygiene applications, Protection and defence

applications.

: Introduction, High strength and high modulus organic fibres, High

UNIT II 9

Textile-reinforced Composite Materials:

Woven fabric-reinforced composites, Braided reinforcement, Knitted reinforcement,

Stitched fabrics.

Composite materials, Textile reinforcement,

Textiles in Filtration

treatments, Yarn types and fabric constructions, Fabric constructions and properties,

Production equipment, Finishing treatments, Fabric test procedures.

: Introduction, Dust collection, Fabric construction, Finishing

UNIT III 9

Textiles in Civil Engineering:

geotextiles, Engineering properties of geotextiles, Geotextile structure, Frictional

resistance of geotextiles.

Geosynthetics, Geotextiles, Essential properties of

Medical Textiles

devices, Implantable materials, Healthcare / hygiene products.

: Introduction, Fibres used, Non-implantable materials, Extra-corporeal

UNIT IV 9

Textiles in Defence:

textile materials, Textiles for environmental protection, Thermal insulation materials,

Water vapour permeable and waterproof materials, Military combat clothing systems,

Camouflage concealment and deception, Flame-retardant, heat protective textiles,

Ballistic protective materials, Biological and chemical warfare protection.

Introduction, Historical background, Criteria for modem military

UNIT V 9

Textiles in Transportation:

Textiles in aircraft, Marine applications, Future prospects for transportation textiles.

Belts, Tyre cords, Hoses: Introduction, Construction particulars, Fibres and yarns used.

Introduction, Textiles in road vehicles, Rail applications,

TEXT BOOKS

1. A.R. Horrocks & S.C. Anand (Edrs.), Handbook of Technical Textiles, The Textile

Institute, Manchester, U.K., 2000, Woodhead Publishing Ltd., Cambridge, England.

2. S. Adanur “Wellington Sears Handbook of Industrial Textiles”, Technomic Publishing

Co. Inc., Lancaster, Pennylvania, ISBN: 1-56676-340-1, 1995.

REFERENCES

1. N.W.M. John, “Geotextiles”, Blackie, London, ISBN: 0-216-91995-9, 1987.

2. S.K. Mukhopadhyay and J.F. Partridge, “Automotive Textiles”, Text. Prog, Vol. 29,

No.1/2, 1998, ISBN: 1870372212.

3. S. Anand, “Medical Textiles”, Text. Inst., 1996, ISBN: 185573317X.

TT2041 APPAREL PRODUCT ENGINEERING AND PLANT LAYOUT ANNA UNIVERSITY SYLLABUS

UNIT I PRODUCT ANALYSIS 9

Relationship between quality and construction of a sewn product, geometric principles of

draping, drafting and industrial patterns product specifications.

UNIT II PRODUCTION CONTROL AND ENGINEERING 9

Industrial engineering concepts-development and application of standard data for precosting

and factory scheduling-basic production systems - production control charts.

Manufacturing information system: systems and procedures.

UNIT III PRODUCTION MANAGEMENT ANALYSIS 9

Analysis of techniques for material utilization and cutting of raw materials for all types of

sewn products, principles and methods of costing, evaluation of equipment for

examining, spreading, cutting, marking and ticketing - solution of production problems in

spreading, cutting and cost control.

UNIT IV PLANT LAYOUT 9

Definition-Types of production layout, criteria for evaluation of a plant layout, determining

minimum space requirement, calculation grid, plant size location, basic production line

layout, Government regulations for plant layout.

UNIT V TIME AND MOTION STUDY 9

General approach for making a time and motion study, preliminary data for time and

motion study sheet, sewing work study, principles of work cycle timing methods,

objectives of time study, statistical approaches – statistical calculation of time study.

Operator efficiency distributions. Evaluating motion study data principles for improving

sewing and pressing operations.

TEXT BOOKS

1. Jacob Solinger, “Apparel Manufacturing Handbook”, VanNoStrand Reinhold

Company (1980).

2. Bethel, Tann, Atwater and Rung, “Production Control”, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New

York, (1948).

REFERENCES

1. Biegel, John E., “Production Control”, A Quantitative Approach", Prentice Hall Inc.,

(1971), 2nd edition.

2. Apple, J. M., “Plant Layout and Materials Handling”, The Ronald Press Co., New

York (1950).

3. Immer, John R., “Layout Planning Techniques”, McGraw-Hill, New York, (1950).

4. Barnes Ralph M., "Motion and Time Study", John Wiley and Sons, New York, (1958)

4th edition.

TT 2033 INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING IN TEXTILE MANUFACTURE ANNA UNIVERSITY SYLLABUS

UNIT I 5

Industrial Engineering - evolution, functions, role of industrial engineer

UNIT II 13

Methods study – introduction, techniques of recording; method analysis techniques;

principles of motion economy; method study in garment manufacture; ergonomicsimportance,

workplace design, fatigue

UNIT III 13

Work measurement – introduction; time study – equipment and procedure; standard

data; predetermined time standards; work sampling techniques; incentive wage system;

work measurement applied to garment industry

UNIT IV 5

Site selection for textile industry; plant layout - types of layouts suitable for textile

industry, methods to construct layout; line balancing

UNIT V 9

Statistical Process Control – data collection; concept of AQL, control charts in quality

control; process capability

REFERENCES

1. Khanna O. P. and Sarup A., “Industrial Engineering and Management”, Dhanpat Rai

Publications, New Delhi, 2005.

2. "Industrial engineering manual for textile industry ", Wiley Eastern (P) Ltd., New

Delhi, 1988.

3. "Introduction to work study ", ILO, Geneva, 1989.

4. Enrick N. L., "Time study manual for Textile industry", Wiley Eastern (P) Ltd., 1989.

5. Chuter A. J., "Introduction to clothing production management", Black well science,

U. S. A., 1995.

6. Richard I. Levin. and David S. Rubin., “Statistics for Management”, 7

Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 1997.

7. David M. Levine, Timothy C. Krehbiel and Mark L. Berenson., “Business Statistics: A

First Course”, Pearson Education Asia, New Delhi, 2

8. Panneerselvam R., “Production and Operation Management”, Prentice Hall of India,

2002.

9. Edward S. Buffa and Rakesh Sarin., “Modern Production and Operations

Management”, John Wiley & sons, U. S. A., 1987.

10. Lee J. Krajewski and Larry P. Ritzman., “Operations Management: Strategy and

Analysis”, Addison Wesley, 2000.

11. Chase., Aquilano and Jacobs., “Production and Operations Management”, Tata

McGraw- Hill, New Delhi, 8th edition,nd edition, 2000.th Edition, 1999.

TT2032 TEXTILE MACHINERY MAINTENANCE ANNA UNIVERSITY SYLLABUS

UNIT I 9

Objects of maintenance – Types of maintenance. Organizational structure – Duties of

maintenance personnel. System and procedures of maintenance – Need for system and

procedures – Planning – Scheduling – Controlling – Implementation of planned

maintenance – Backlogs – Rescheduling. Maintenance schedule (frequency – man

power – time required – special tools – gauges – lubricants) for Blow room, Carding,

Drawframe, Comber, Speed frame – Ring frame – Doubler and Rotor spinning

machines.

UNIT II 9

Maintenance schedule for cone winding, reeling, bundling, baling, warping, sizing, pirn

winding, plain and auto looms, kiers, washing machines, stenters, jiggers, padding

mangles and calendering machines. House keeping – machinery lay out – cleanliness –

material handling and equipments. Machinery audit – maintenance recording –

maintenance ledger – machine cards – maintenance cost control.

UNIT III 9

Maintenance of Power House: Electrical powerhouse, equipments – motors – starters –

lightings–humidification plant – generators. Lubrication: Lubricant Types –

characteristics – Equipments. Roller eccentricity and its control – Tolerance for drafting

rollers. Textile Machinery Erection Procedures: Levelling – instruments used. Erection of

carding machine – Ring frame – Looms. Maintenance Details: Maintenance of card

clothing – wire inspection – grinding procedure – burnishing – wire mounting and tops

clipping – flat end milling.

UNIT IV 9

Top roller maintenance – cot selection and cot mounting procedure – equipment.

Buffing frequency – grinding stone type. Berkolising – cot lift – top roller greasing.

Spindle oil characteristics – specifications – topping – replenishing. Shuttle care –

selection – seasoning – life of shuttle. Maintenance of reed cleaning – rectification of

damages in pitch – bound and all metal reeds. Drop wires – types and maintenance.

UNIT V 9

Maintenance of picker – picking bands – healds – heald frames – pirns. Modernization

and renovation: Economics – priorities, Modernization versus Replacement – Policy

decision factors. Modernisation programmes for Card, Speed frame, Ring frame, Sizing

and Loom.

TEXT BOOKS

1. “Spinning, Weaving and Processing Machinery Maintenance in Textile Mills”, TAIRO,

Baroda.

2. “Maintenance Management in Spinning”, SITRA, Coimbatore

REFERENCES

1. “Maintenance Schedules, Practices and Checkpoints in Spinning”, BTRA, Bombay

2. “Process Control in Weaving”, ATIRA, Ahmedabad.

TT2031 FASHION ART AND DESIGN ANNA UNIVERSITY SYLLABUS

UNIT I 9

Origin of clothing – Grouping of dress out of painting, cutting and other methods. Role of

costumes as a status symbol, sex appeal, Fashion and seasons. Costumes of ancient

civilizations - Egypt, Greece, Roman, English, French empires during Renaissance 1500

- 1600 AD.

UNIT II 9

Costumes of India. History of Indian costumes up to Mughal period, History of Indian

costumes post Mughal period. Traditional costumes of different states. Factors

influencing costumes changes in India – Accessories and Garments used in India.

Costumes of Pakistan, Srilanka, Burma, China and Japan.

UNIT III 9

Lines - Colours, Light theory of colour, Prang of color system - Proportions - Rhythm -

Balance. Emphasis, Harmony – Sketching and Drawing - Fashion. Classification and

types of fashion. Origin of Fashion language – Philosophy and Design – Street Fashion

– study of leading fashion designers – French, Italian, American, Indian and English.

UNIT IV 9

Concepts of Design - Background to the world of Fashion Design – Definition of Fashion

Designing – Initial steps of Fashion Designing – Ingredients of Fashion Designing –

Designing Equipments – Computer Aided Designing. Knowledge of latest Fashions –

Based on Age, sex, Nationality, Occupation, Socio-economic status.

UNIT V 9

Study of Dacca Muslin, Jamdhani, Himrus & Amrus, carpets, Kashmir shawls,

Kancheepuram and Baluchari saris, Paithani saris, Bandhani, Patola, Ikkat, Kalamkari &

other styles of printing and dyeing textiles. Factors determining changes in costumes

from period to period.

TEXT BOOKS

1. Russel Gillow, Nicholas Barnard, “Traditional Indian Textiles”, Thames and Hudson

Ltd.

2. Elizabeth Rouse, “Undertaking Fashion”, Blackwell Scientific Publication, Oxford,

1989.

REFERENCES

1. S.N. Dar, “Costumes of India and Pakistan”, D.B Tataporevala Sons & Co. Ltd. 1982.

2. G.S. Churye, “Indian Costume”, Ramdas Bhaatkal for Popular Prakashan Pvt. Ltd.,

Bombay, 1995.

3. Corter Ernestine, “The Changing World of Fashion”, OM Book Service, 1900 to

present.

4. Hatanaka Kokyo Collection – “Textile Arts of India”, Chronide Books, 1996.

5. Madhubani, K. Prakash, “An Invaluable book on Original Art Tradition”, Design Point,

1994.

TT2023 MECHANICS OF TEXTILE STRUCTURES ANNA UNIVERSITY SYLLABUS

UNIT I YARN GEOMETRY 9

Basic geometry of twisted yarn – The idealized helical yarn structure. Yarn count and

twist factor. Twist contraction and theoretical calculations. Limits of twists. Real and

idealized yarns. Packing of fibres in yarn – Idealized packing – Derivations from ideal

forms of packing. Packing in actual yarns. Specific volume of yarns. Relation between

Twist, Diameter and Twist Angle.

UNIT II FIBRE MIGRATION 9

Ideal migration – Observation of the paths of individual fibres – Migration in spun yarns.

Characterisation of migration behaviour – Tension variation as a mechanism of migration

– Criteria for interchange of position – Theory of migration – Conditions for migration and

frequency of migration. Forms of yarn twisting – Cylindrical and Ribbon twisting.

UNIT III MECHANICS OF STAPLE FIBRE YARNS 9

Theoretical analysis of yarn geometry – Stress-strain distribution in yarn – Fibre obliquity

and slippage – Influence of fibre length, fineness and friction on fibre slippage and yarn

strength – Yarn breakage. Strength of blended yarns – Hamburger's model. Analysis of

tensile behaviour, Prediction of breakage, Analysis of yarn mechanics by energy

method, Observed extension and breakage of staple fibre yarns.

UNIT IV MECHANICS OF FILAMENT YARNS 9

Theory of extension of continuous filament yarns, Analysis of tensile forces, Stress-strain

relations of the filaments, Effects of large extensions, Filament behaviour at large

extensions, Prediction of breakage, Load-Extension curve near break, Tenacity,

Breaking extension, Initial modulus, Work of rupture.

UNIT V FABRIC GEOMETRY AND DEFORMATION 9

Elements of woven fabric geometry, Peime and Olofsson models. Jamming of threads,

cover factor, crimp interchange in woven fabrics. Modification to Pierce model – Race

track, Saw tooth and Bilinear models. Form factor, degree of set, extension behaviour of

woven fabric, prediction of modulus, tensile properties in bias direction. Geometry of

plain knitted structures, mechanics of nonwoven fabrics.

TEXT BOOKS

1. J.W.S. Hearle, P. Grosberg and S. Backer, Structural Mechanics of Fibres, Yarns

and Fabrics, Wiley-Interscience, New York, 1969.

2. B.C. Goswami, J. Martindale and Scandio, Textile Yarns: Technology, Structure and

Application, Wiley-Interscience, New York, 1977.

REFERENCES

1. J.W.S. Hearle, J.J. Thwaites and J. Amirbayat, Mechanics of Flexible Fibre

Assemblies, Marryland, 1980.

2. R. Postle, S. De Jong and G.A. Carnaby, The Mechanics of Wool Structures, Ellis

Horwood, 1988.

TT2022 SILK YARN TECHNOLOGY ANNA UNIVERSITY SYLLABUS

UNIT I 9

Overview of the silk industry and the features of silk, Present day silk industry, Varieties

of silk. Mulberry leaf varieties and production, Biology of the silkworm, Silkworm rearing,

Harvesting. Characteristics of the cocoon – Physical characteristics, Composition of the

cocoon, Properties of silk. Cocoon quality, Factors influencing cocoon quality,

Classification of cocoons, Cocoon testing and grading.

UNIT II 9

Cocoon drying, Storage and Sorting: Objective of cocoon drying, Mechanism of cocoon

drying, and Various methods of stifling/drying, Degree of drying, Types of drying

machines and methods, Effects of drying conditions on reeling results. Cocoon storage,

Sorting of cocoons. Cocoon Cooking and Raw Silk Reeling: Introduction, Cocoon

cooking methods, Degree of cocoon cooking, Adjustments to cooking conditions, Effects

of cocoon cooking conditions on reeling result. Various silk reeling devices, Methods of

silk reeling, Quality control during raw silk reeling.

UNIT III 9

Re-reeling and Finishing: Re-reeling

raw silk, Re-reeling efficiency, Silk end tying and skein lacing, Booking and packing,

Storage of silk. Factory Planning: Annual requirement of cocoons, Equipment for

installation, Location and space, Quality and quantity of filature water, Selection of

proper machinery.

, Re-reeling machine and apparatus, How to re-reel

UNIT IV 9

Utilization of By-products: Introduction, Dupion silk reeling, Reeling of non-mulberry

cocoons, Manufacture of spun silk – Degumming, Opening-up, Finishing. Count of spun

silk yarn, wild silk yarn.

UNIT V 9

Silk Throwing – Soaking, Hyrdroextracting, Drying, Winding, Doubling, Primary and

Secondary Twisting, Tram, Organdine, Crepe Twist. Warping, Weaving – Handloom,

Powerloom, Shuttleless Weaving. Degumming and dyeing of yarn and fabrics. Types of

silk fabrics

TEXT BOOK

1. T.N.Sonwalkar, “Handbook of Silk Technology”, Wiley Eastern Ltd., New Delhi, 1993.

2. S.B. Dandin, J. Jayaswal and K. Giridhar (Edrs.), Handbook of Sericulture

Technologies, Central Silk Board, Bangalore, 2001.

TT2021 TEXTURED YARN TECHNOLOGY ANNA UNIVERSITY SYLLABUS

UNIT I 9

Need for bulking of synthetic fibres – texturing – basic definition and classifications –

developments in high speed spinning – POY.

UNIT II 9

Heat setting – need-factors involved – types of setting – effects on fibre morphology and

mechanical properties – fundamentals of thermo-mechanical texturing – Helanca

process.

UNIT III 9

Basics of false-twist texturing-texturability of various fibres-process parameters – time,

temperature, twist, tension suitability of POY and UDY for FT texturing – Draw texturing

– simultaneous and sequential draw texturing – twisting devices – testing of textured

yarns.

UNIT IV 9

Basics of air jet texturing – types of yarns produced – feed material structure and

properties of air-jet texturing machines, nozzles, evaluation of air-jet textured yarn vis-àvis

spun and filament false twist textured yarns.

UNIT V 9

Stuffer box and edge crimping methods – principles, limitations, and applications – knitde-

knit and gear crimping methods Bi-component filament texturing – texturing of

polypropylene and jute fibres – Chemo-mechanical and thermo-mechanical texturing

TEXTBOOKS

2. Behery H.M. and Demir A., “Synthetic Filament Yarn Texturing Technology”, Prentice

Hall, 1996, ISBN 0134400259.

1. Hes L. Ursiny P., “Yarn Texturing Technology”, Eurotex, U.K., 1994.

REFERENCES

2. Wilson D.K. and Kollu T., “Production of Textured Yarns by the False Twist

Technique”, Textile Progress, Vol. 21, No.3, Textile Institute, Manchester, U.K.,

1991.

3. Gupta V.B. (Edr.), “Winter School on Man-made Fibers – Production, Processing,

Structure, Properties and Applications”, Vol. 1, 1988.

4. Wilson D.K. & Kollu T., “Production of Textured Yarns by Methods Other than False

Twist Technique”, Text. Prog., Vol. 16, No.3. Textile Institute, 1981.

5. Demir & H. El-Behery, “Synthetic Yarn Production”, Prentice Hall Inc., 1996.1. Gulrajani M.L. (Edr.), “Annual Symposium of Texturing”, I.I.T Delhi, 1977.

GE2022 TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT ANNA UNIVERSITY SYLLABUS

UNIT I INTRODUCTION 9

Definition of Quality, Dimensions of Quality, Quality Planning, Quality costs - Analysis

Techniques for Quality Costs, Basic concepts of Total Quality Management, Historical

Review, Principles of TQM, Leadership – Concepts, Role of Senior Management,

Quality Council, Quality Statements, Strategic Planning, Deming Philosophy, Barriers to

TQM Implementation.

UNIT II TQM PRINCIPLES 9

Customer satisfaction – Customer Perception of Quality, Customer Complaints, Service

Quality, Customer Retention, Employee Involvement – Motivation, Empowerment,

Teams, Recognition and Reward, Performance Appraisal, Benefits, Continuous Process

Improvement – Juran Trilogy, PDSA Cycle, 5S, Kaizen, Supplier Partnership –

Partnering, sourcing, Supplier Selection, Supplier Rating, Relationship Development,

Performance Measures – Basic Concepts, Strategy, Performance Measure.

UNIT III STATISTICAL PROCESS CONTROL (SPC) 9

The seven tools of quality, Statistical Fundamentals – Measures of central Tendency

and Dispersion, Population and Sample, Normal Curve, Control Charts for variables and

attributes, Process capability, Concept of six sigma, New seven Management tools.

UNIT IV TQM TOOLS 9

Benchmarking – Reasons to Benchmark, Benchmarking Process, Quality Function

Deployment (QFD) – House of Quality, QFD Process, Benefits, Taguchi Quality Loss

Function, Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) – Concept, Improvement Needs, FMEA –

Stages of FMEA.

UNIT V QUALITY SYSTEMS 9

Need for ISO 9000 and Other Quality Systems, ISO 9000:2000 Quality System –

Elements, Implementation of Quality System, Documentation, Quality Auditing, QS

9000, ISO 14000 – Concept, Requirements and Benefits.

TEXT BOOKS

1. Dale H.Besterfiled, et at., “Total Quality Management”, Pearson Education Asia,

1999. (Indian reprint 2002).

2. James R.Evans & William M.Lidsay, The Management and Control of Quality, (5

th

Edition), South-Western (Thomson Learning), 2002 (ISBN 0-324-06680-5).

REFERENCES

1. Feigenbaum.A.V. “Total Quality Management, McGraw-Hill, 1991.

2. Oakland.J.S. “Total Quality Management Butterworth – Heinemann Ltd., Oxford.

1989.

3. Narayana V. and Sreenivasan, N.S. Quality Management – Concepts and Tasks,

New Age International 1996.

4. Zeiri. “Total Quality Management for Engineers Wood Head Publishers, 1991.

TT2405 PRODUCTION PROCESS LAB ANNA UNIVERSITY SYLLABUS

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS

(Minimum of 10 experiments shall be offered)

1. Studies on determination of cylinder load and transfer efficiency in carding

2. Studies on influence of process variables on ring-spun yarn quality

3. Studies on productivity improvement in ring spinning

4. Studies on influence of process variables on rotor-spun yarn quality

5. Studies on productivity improvement in rotor spinning

6. Studies on influence of process variables on siro-spun and siro-fil yarns

7. Studies on production of mélange yarns

8. Studies of production of core-spun yarns

9. Studies on influence of process important variables on air-jet-spun yarn quality

10. Studies on influence of important process variables on friction-spun yarn quality

11. Studies on the effect of settings / process parameters removal of objectionable

faults in cone winding.

12. Studies on production of defect free pirns with cotton, pc bended and polyester

filament yarns

13. Study on troubleshooting in warping and sizing

14. Studies on manufacturing of special fabrics – denims and fabrics for technical

Textiles

15. Studies on productivity improvement in weaving

16. Studies on various techniques for effluent treatment

17. Studies on influence of enzymes textile chemical processing

18. Studies on garment washing process

19. Studies on effect of aesthetic and functional finishes on woven fabrics

20. Studies on effect of aesthetic and functional finishes on knitted fabrics

PERIODS LIST OF EQUIPMENTS REQUIRED

The equipments / machineries listed for the Spun Yarn Technology Lab I & II, Fabric

Manufacturing Lab I & II, Textile Quality Evaluation Lab and Textile Chemical processing

Lab can be used.

TT 2403 BONDED FABRICS ANNA UNIVERSITY SYLLABUS

UNIT I INTRODUCTION 5

Definitions and classification of bonded fabrics; fibres and their characteristics for the

production of bonded fabrics, uses; production methods and consumption of nonwovens

UNIT II WEB FORMING 9

Production of staple-fibre web by dry and wet methods; web laying methods and its

influence on fabric properties; manufacture of web from filaments; uniformity and quality

control of web

UNIT III BONDING 13

Bonded fabric production by needling, stitching, water jet consolidation, thermal and

chemical methods; production of bonded fabrics by spun bonding and melt blown

process; effect of processing parameters on fabric properties

UNIT IV FINISHING 9

Dry finishing – shrinkage, wrenching and creping, calendaring, perforating, slitting and

splitting; wet finishing – washing, dyeing, printing; softening, flame proofing; coating;

laminating; flocking

UNIT V EVALUATION 9

Various end uses of bonded fabrics; evaluation of non-woven fabrics; structure- property

relationship in bonded fabrics

REFERENCES

1. Lunenschloss J., Albrecht W. and David Sharp., “Non-woven Bonded Fabrics”, Ellis

Horwood Ltd, New York, 1985, ISBN: 0-85312-636-4.

2. Gulrajani M.L., “Non wovens”, Textile Institute, Manchester, 1992.

3. Mrstina V. and Feigl F., “Needle punching Textile Technology”, Elsevier, New York,

1990.

4. Dharmadhikary R.K., Gilmore T.F., Davis H.A. and Batra S.K., “Thermal bonding of

nonwoven fabrics”, Textile Progress, Vol.26, No.2, Textile Institute Manchester,

1995, ISBN: 1870812786

5. Jirsak O. and Wadsworth L.C., “Non woven Textiles”, Textile Institute, Manchester,

1999, ISBN: 0 89089 9788

6. Russell S., “Hand book of nonwovens”, Textile Institute, Manchester, 2004, ISBN: 1

85573 603 9.

TT 2402 MECHANICS OF TEXTILE MACHINERY ANNA UNIVERSITY SYLLABUS

UNIT I MACHINE DESIGN 9

Equations of forces, motion and energy; design of cams; gear trains and draft

calculations; principles of clutches and brakes - practical application in textile machines

UNIT II ROTARY MOTION 9

Equations of rotary motion; energy stored in rotating masses; power transmitted by rope

and belt drives; friction calculations; balancing of rotating masses

UNIT III SPINNING MACHINERY 9

Differentials and variable speed drives – principles, application in textile machines;

design of cone drums – piano feed regulation, speed frame builder mechanism; balloon

and traveller dynamics.

UNIT IV WEAVING MACHINERY 9

Design of winder drums; kinematics of shedding; picking – cams, torsion bars and other

mechanisms; beat up; back rest

UNIT V PRINCIPLE OF MOMENTS 9

.

Kinetic and potential energy calculation in Textile Machines, principle of moments – ring

frames a top arm loading, forces in heald reversing system.

REFERENCES

1. Booth J. E., “Textile Mathematics”, Vol.2&3, The Textile Institute, Manchester, 1975,

ISBN-10: 0900739193.

2. Slater K., “Textile Mechanics”, Vol. 1&2, The Textile Institute, Manchester, 1977,

ISBN: 0900739274.

3. Rengasamy R. S., “Mechanics of spinning machines”, NCUTE, Ministry of Textiles,

Govt of India, 2000.

4. Hanton, W.A : Mechanics of Textile Machinery, Textile Institute Manchester.

TT2401 QUALITY ASSURANCE IN CHEMICAL PROCESSING ANNA UNIVERSITY SYLLABUS

UNIT I 9

Role of Quality and Process Control: Selection and standardization of incoming raw

materials – Auxiliaries evaluation of the end products. Development of auxiliary products

for in house consumption Major areas of process and quality control bleaching, dyeing,

printing and finishing

UNIT II 9

Determination of impurities of natural and man made fibres – cotton; wax content, ash

content, colouring matter, Silk – Degumming – Wool percentage of vegetable impurities,

oils and greases. Synthetic materials – fibre finishes. Evaluation of desizing efficiency

residual size content – Evaluation of scouring efficiency drop absorbency, residual wax,

weight loss, degree of impurities.

UNIT III 9

Evaluation of bleaching – degree of whiteness, change in mechanical properties,

presence of carboxyl groups and aldehyde groups, fluidity, ash content, uniformity of

grey preparation. Evaluation of mercerisation – deconvolution count, lustre, change in

mechanical properties, barium activity number, change in dye absorbency.

UNIT IV 9

Quality evaluation of dyed / printed materials, colour fastness to washing, light, crock

(dry and wet), perspiration, bleaching, sublimation, uniformity of dyeing, shade matching.

Quality evaluation of finished fabric for water repellancy, air permeability, stiffness,

crease, flame resistance, anti static and soil release.

UNIT V 9

Brief introduction to testing instruments for above methods and quality standards, ISO,

AATCC Computer Colour Matching: Theory – Concepts and recipe production.

TEXTBOOKS

1. Shenai V A “Evaluation of Textile Chemicals” Sevak Publication, Bombay, 1980.

2. Vaidya, S. S. Trivedi “Textile Auxiliaries and Finishing Chemicals”, Publication,

ATIRA, Ahmedabad.

REFERENCES

1. Chemical Processing Tablet “Process and Quality Control in Chemical Processing”-

TAI, Publication, 1984.