Thursday, November 10, 2011

Civil Engineering 8th Eighth semester Syllabus For elective 4 and Elective 5 subject | 8th Semester Elective 4 & 5 for Civil Engineering students | Civil Engineering Elective subject syllabus Download for Final year Students |


SEMESTER - VIII
ELECTIVE – IV
CE2041 Bridge Structures
CE2042 Storage Structures 
CE2043 Design of Plate and Shell Structures 
CE2044 Tall Buildings
CE2045 Prefabricated structures 
CE2046 Wind Engineering 


ELECTIVE – V


CE2047 Computer Aided Design of Structures 
CE2048 Industrial Structures 
CE2049 Smart Structures and smart Materials 
CE2050 Finite Element Techniques
CE2071 Repair and Rehabilitation of Structures



CE 2041 BRIDGE STRUCTURES 


OBJECTIVE


At the end of this course the student shall be able to choose appropriate bridge structure and
design it for given site conditions.


UNIT I INTRODUCTION 


Design of through type steel highway bridges for IRC loading - Design of stringers, cross girders
and main girders - Design of deck type steel highway bridges for IRC loading - Design of main
girders


UNIT II STEEL BRIDGES 


Design of pratt type truss girder highway bridges - Design of top chord, bottom chord, web
members - Effect of repeated loading - Design of plate girder railway bridges for railway loading
- Wind effects - Design of web and flange plates - Vertical and horizontal stiffeners.


UNIT III REINFORCED CONCRETE SLAB BRIDGES 


Design of solid slab bridges for IRC loading - Design of kerb - Design of tee beam bridges -
Design of panel and cantilever for IRC loadin


UNIT IV REINFORCED CONCRETE GIRDER BRIDGES 


Design of tee beam - Courbon's theory - Pigeaud's curves - Design of balanced cantilever
bridges - Deck slab - Main girder - Design of cantilever - Design of articulation.


UNIT V PRESTRESSED CONCRETE BRIDGES 


Design of prestressed concrete bridges - Preliminary dimensions - Flexural and torsional
parameters - Courbon's theory - Distribution coefficient by exact analysis - Design of girder
section - Maximum and minimum prestressing forces - Eccentricity - Live load and dead load
shear forces - cable zone in girder –Check for stresses at various sections - Check for diagonal
tension - Diaphragms - End block - Short term and long term deflections.


TEXT BOOKS


1. Johnson Victor D., “Essentials of Bridge Engineering”, Oxford and IBH Publishing Co.,
New Delhi, 1990.
2. Rajagopalan, N.Bridge Superstructure, Alpha Science International, 2006


REFERENCES


1. Phatak D.R., “Bridge Engineering”, Satya Prakashan, New Delhi, 1990.
2. Ponnuswamy S., “Bridge Engineering”, Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi, 1996.


CE 2042 STORAGE STRUCTURES


OBJECTIVE


The main objective of this course is to impart the principles involved in designing structures
which have to store different types of materials. The student at the end of the course shall be
able to design concrete and steel material retaining structures.


UNIT I STEEL WATER TANKS 


Design of rectangular riveted steel water tank – Tee covers – Plates – Stays –Longitudinal and
transverse beams – Design of staging – Base plates – Foundation and anchor bolts – Design of
pressed steel water tank – Design of stays – Joints – Design of hemispherical bottom water tank
– side plates – Bottom plates – joints – Ring girder – Design of staging and foundation
.
UNIT II CONCRETE WATER TANKS 


Design of Circular tanks – Hinged and fixed at the base – IS method of calculating shear forces
and moments – Hoop tension – Design of intze tank – Dome – Ring girders – Conical dome –
Staging – Bracings – Raft foundation – Design of rectangular tanks – Approximate methods and
IS methods – Design of under ground tanks – Design of base slab and side wall – Check for
uplift.


UNIT III STEEL BUNKERS AND SILOS


Design of square bunker – Jansen’s and Airy’s theories – IS Codal provisions – Design of side
plates – Stiffeners – Hooper – Longitudinal beams – Design of cylindrical silo – Side plates –
Ring girder – stiffeners.


UNIT IV CONCRETE BUNKERS AND SILOS 


Design of square bunker – Side Walls – Hopper bottom – Top and bottom edge beams –
Design of cylindrical silo – Wall portion – Design of conical hopper – Ring beam at junction


UNIT V PRESTRESSED CONCRETE WATER TANKS 


Principles of circular prestressing – Design of prestressed concrete circular water tanks


TEXT BOOKS


1. Rajagopalan K., Storage Structures, Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi, 1998.
2. Krishna Raju N., Advanced Reinforced Concrete Design, CBS Publishers and
Distributors, New Delhi, 1998.


CE 2043 DESIGN OF PLATE AND SHELL STRUCTURES 


OBJECTIVE


At the end of this course the student shall understand the rudimentary principles involved in the
analysis and design of plates and shells.


UNIT I THIN PLATES WITH SMALL DEFLECTION 


Laterally loaded thin plates – governing differential equations – Simply supported and fixed
boundary conditions


UNIT II RECTANGULAR PLATES 


Simply supported rectangular plates – Navier’s solution and Levy’s method.


UNIT III THIN SHELLS 


Classification of shells-structural actions – membrane theory


UNIT IV ANALYSIS OF SHELLS 


Analysis of spherical dome – cylindrical shells – folded plates


UNIT V DESIGN OF SHELLS 


Design of spherical dome – cylindrical shells – folded plates


TEXT BOOKS


1. Bairagi N K, A text book of Plate Analysis, Khanna Publishers, New Delhi, 1996.
2. G.S. Ramaswamy, Design and Construction of Shell Structures, CBS Plublishers,
New Delhi, 1996
3. S. Timoshenko & S. Woinowsky – Krieger, “Theory of Plates and Shells”, McGraw Hill
Book Company


REFERENCES


1. Szilard R, Theory and analysis of plates, Prentice Hall Inc, 1995
2. Chatterjee B. K., Theory and Design of Concrete Shells, Oxford & IBH, New Delhi, 1998
3. Billington D. P., Thin Shell Concrete Structures, McGraw-Hill, 1995.


CE 2044 TALL BUILDINGS


OBJECTIVE


At the end of this course the student should have understood the problems associated with
large heights of structures with respect to loads (wind and earthquake and deflections of the
structure). He should know the rudimentary principles of designing tall buildings as per the
existing course.


UNIT I INTRODUCTION 


The Tall Building in the Urban Context - The Tall Building and its Support Structure -
Development of High Rise Building Structures - General Planning Considerations. Dead Loads -
Live Loads-Construction Loads -Snow, Rain, and Ice Loads - Wind Loads-Seismic Loading –
Water and Earth Pressure Loads - Loads - Loads Due to Restrained Volume Changes of
Material - Impact and Dynamic Loads - Blast Loads -Combination of Loads.


UNIT II THE VERTICAL STRUCTURE PLANE 


Dispersion of Vertical Forces- Dispersion of Lateral Forces - Optimum Ground Level Space -
Shear Wall Arrangement - Behaviour of Shear Walls under Lateral Loading. The Floor Structure
or Horizontal Building Plane Floor Framing Systems-Horizontal Bracing- Composite Floor
Systems The High - Rise Building as related to assemblage Kits Skeleton Frame Systems -
Load Bearing Wall Panel Systems - Panel – Frame Systems - Multistory Box Systems.


UNIT III COMMON HIGH-RISE BUILDING STRUCTURES AND THEIR BEHAVIOUR
UNDER LOAD 


The Bearing Wall Structure- The Shear Core Structure - Rigid Frame Systems- The Wall -
Beam Structure: Interspatial and Staggered Truss Systems - Frame - Shear Wall Building
Systems - Flat Slab Building Structures - Shear Truss - Frame Interaction System with Rigid -
Belt Trusses - Tubular Systems-Composite Buildings - Comparison of High - Rise Structural
Systems Other Design Approaches Controlling Building Drift Efficient Building Forms - The
Counteracting Force or Dynamic Response.


UNIT IV APPROXIMATE STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF BUILDINGS 


Approximate Analysis of Bearing Wall Buildings The Cross Wall Structure - The Long Wall
Structure The Rigid Frame Structure Approximate Analysis for Vertical Loading - Approximate
Analysis for Lateral Loading - Approximate Design of Rigid Frame Buildings-Lateral Deformation
of Rigid Frame Buildings The Rigid Frame - Shear Wall Structure - The Vierendeel Structure -
The Hollow Tube Structure.


UNIT V OTHER HIGH-RISE BUILDING STRUCTURE 


Deep - Beam Systems -High-Rise Suspension Systems - Pneumatic High -Rise Buildings -
Space Frame Applied to High - Rise Buildings - Capsule Architecture.


TEXT BOOKS


1. WOLFGANG SCHUELLER " High - rise building Structures", John Wiley and Sons,
New York 1976.
2. Bryan Stafford Smith and Alex Coull, " Tall Building Structures ", Analysis and Design,
John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 1991.


REFERENCES


1. COULL, A. and SMITH, STAFFORD, B. " Tall Buildings ", Pergamon Press, London,
1997.
2. LinT.Y. and Burry D.Stotes, " Structural Concepts and Systems for Architects and
Engineers ", John Wiley, 1994.
3. Lynn S.Beedle, Advances in Tall Buildings, CBS Publishers and Distributors, Delhi,
1996.
4. Taranath.B.S., Structural Analysis and Design of Tall Buildings, Mc Graw Hill,1998.




CE 2045 PREFABRICATED STRUCTURES


OBJECTIVE


At the end of this course the student shall be able to appreciate modular construction,
industrialised construction and shall be able to design some of the prefabricated elements and
also have the knowledge of the construction methods using these elements.


UNIT I INTRODUCTION


Need for prefabrication – Principles – Materials – Modular coordination – Standarization –
Systems – Production – Transportation – Erection.


UNIT II PREFABRICATED COMPONENTS


Behaviour of structural components – Large panel constructions – Construction of roof and floor
slabs – Wall panels – Columns – Shear walls


UNIT III DESIGN PRINCIPLES 


Disuniting of structures- Design of cross section based on efficiency of material used –
Problems in design because of joint flexibility – Allowance for joint deformation.


UNIT IV JOINT IN STRUCTURAL MEMBERS 


Joints for different structural connections – Dimensions and detailing – Design of expansion
joints


UNIT V DESIGN FOR ABNORMAL LOADS 


Progressive collapse – Code provisions – Equivalent design loads for considering abnormal
effects such as earthquakes, cyclones, etc., - Importance of avoidance of progressive collapse.


TEXT BOOKS


1. CBRI, Building materials and components, India, 1990
2. Gerostiza C.Z., Hendrikson C. and Rehat D.R., Knowledge based process planning for
construction and manufacturing, Academic Press Inc., 1994


REFERENCES


1. Koncz T., Manual of precast concrete construction, Vols. I, II and III, Bauverlag, GMBH,
1971.
2. Structural design manual, Precast concrete connection details, Society for the studies in
the use of precast concrete, Netherland Betor Verlag, 1978.


CE 2046 WIND ENGINEERING 


OBJECTIVE
At the end of this course the student should be able to appreciate the forces generated on
structures due to normal wind as well as gusts. He should also be able to analyse the dynamic
effects created by these wind forces.


UNIT I INTRODUCTION 


Terminology – Wind Data – Gust factor and its determination - Wind speed variation with height
– Shape factor – Aspect ratio – Drag and lift.


UNIT II EFFECT OF WIND ON STRUCTURES 


Static effect – Dynamic effect – Interference effects (concept only) – Rigid structure –
Aeroelastic structure (concept only).


UNIT III EFFECT ON TYPICAL STRUCTURES 


Tail buildings – Low rise buildings – Roof and cladding – Chimneys, towers and bridges.


UNIT IV APPLICATION TO DESIGN 


Design forces on multistorey building, towers and roof trusses.


UNIT V INTRODUCTION TO WIND TUNNEL 


Types of models (Principles only) – Basic considerations – Examples of tests and their use.


TEXT BOOKS


1. Peter Sachs, “Wind Forces in Engineering, Pergamon Press, New York, 1992.
2. Lawson T.V., Wind Effects on Buildings, Vols. I and II, Applied Science and Publishers,
London, 1993.


REFERENCES


1. Devenport A.G., “Wind Loads on Structures”, Division of Building Research, Ottowa,
1990.
2. Wind Force on Structures – Course Notes, Building Technology Centre, Anna University,
1995.


CE 2047 COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN OF STRUCTURE 


OBJECTIVE


The main objective of this programme is to train the student in the use of computers and
creating a computer code as well as using commercially available software for the design of
Civil Engineering structures.


UNIT I INTRODUCTION 


Fundamentals of CAD - Hardware and software requirements -Design process - Applications
and benefits


UNIT II COMPUTER GRAPHICS 


Graphic primitives - Transformations -Wire frame modeling and solid modeling -Graphic
standards –Drafting packages


UNIT III STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS 


Fundamentals of finite element analysis - Principles of structural analysis -Analysis packages
and applications.


UNIT IV DESIGN AND OPTIMISATION 


Principles of design of steel and RC Structures -Applications to simple design problems –
Optimisation techniques - Algorithms - Linear Programming – Simplex method


UNIT V EXPERT SYSTEMS 


Introduction to artificial intelligence - Knowledge based expert systems -Rules and decision
tables –Inference mechanisms - Simple applications.


TEXT BOOKS


1. Groover M.P. and Zimmers E.W. Jr., “CAD/CAM, Computer Aided Design and
Manufacturing”, Prentice Hall of India Ltd, New Delhi, 1993.
2. Krishnamoorthy C.S.Rajeev S., “Computer Aided Design”, Narosa Publishing House,
New Delhi, 1993


REFERENCES


1. Harrison H.B., “Structural Analysis and Design”, Part I and II Pergamon Press, Oxford,
1990.
2. Rao S.S., “Optimisation Theory and Applications”, Wiley Eastern Limited, New Delhi,
1977.
3. Richard Forsyth (Ed), “Expert System Principles and Case Studies”, Chapman and Hall,
London, 1989.


CE 2048 INDUSTRIAL STRUCTURES


OBJECTIVE


This course deals with some of the special aspects with respect to Civil Engineering structures
in industries. At the end of this course the student shall be able to design some of the
structures.


UNIT I PLANNING


Classification of Industries and Industrial structures – General requirements for industries like
cement, chemical and steel plants – Planning and layout of buildings and components.


UNIT II FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS


Lighting – Ventilation – Acoustics – Fire safety – Guidelines from factories act.


UNIIT III DESIGN OF STEEL STRUCTURES


Industrial roofs – Crane girders – Mill buildings – Design of Bunkers and Silos


UNIT IV DESIGN OF R.C. STRUCTURES


Silos and bunkers – Chimneys – Principles of folded plates and shell roofs


UNIT V PREFABRICATION


Principles of prefabrication – Prestressed precast roof trusses- Functional requirements for
Precast concrete units


TEXT BOOKS


1. Reinforced Concrete Structural elements – P. Purushothaman.
2. Pasala Dayaratnam – Design of Steel Structure – 1990.


REFERENCES


1. Henn W. Buildings for Industry, vols.I and II, London Hill Books, 1995.
2. Handbook on Functional Requirements of Industrial buildings, SP32 – 1986, Bureau of
Indian Standards, New Delhi 1990.
3. Course Notes on Modern Developments in the Design and Construction of Industrial
Structures, Structural Engineering Research Centre, Madras, 1982.
4. Koncz, J, Manual of Precast Construction Vol I & II Bauverlay GMBH, 1971.


CE 2049 SMART STRUCTURES AND SMART MATERIALS 


OBJECTIVE


This course is designed to give an insight into the latest developments regarding smart
materials and their use in structures. Further, this also deals with structures which can self
adjust their stiffness with load.


UNIT I INTRODUCTION 


Introduction to Smart Materials and Structures – Instrumented structures functions and
response – Sensing systems – Self diagnosis – Signal processing consideration – Actuation
systems and effectors.


UNIT II MEASURING TECHNIQUES


Strain Measuring Techniques using Electrical strain gauges, Types – Resistance – Capacitance
– Inductance – Wheatstone bridges – Pressure transducers – Load cells – Temperature
Compensation – Strain Rosettes.


UNIT III SENSORS


Sensing Technology – Types of Sensors – Physical Measurement using Piezo Electric Strain
measurement – Inductively Read Transducers – The LVOT – Fiber optic Techniques.
Chemical and Bio-Chemical sensing in structural Assessment – Absorptive chemical sensors –
Spectroscopes – Fibre Optic Chemical Sensing Systems and Distributed measurement.


UNIT IV ACTUATORS


Actuator Techniques – Actuator and actuator materials – Piezoelectric and Electrostrictive
Material – Magnetostructure Material – Shape Memory Alloys – Electro orheological Fluids–
Electro magnetic actuation – Role of actuators and Actuator Materials.


UNIT V SIGNAL PROCESSING AND CONTROL SYSTEMS


Data Acquisition and Processing – Signal Processing and Control for Smart Structures –
Sensors as Geometrical Processors – Signal Processing – Control System – Linear and Non-
Linear.


TEXT BOOKS


1. Brain Culshaw – Smart Structure and Materials Artech House – Borton. London-1996.


REFERENCES


1. L. S. Srinath – Experimental Stress Analysis – Tata McGraw-Hill, 1998.
2. J. W. Dally & W. F. Riley – Experimental Stress Analysis – Tata McGraw-Hill, 1998.
CE 2050 FINITE ELEMENT TECHNIQUES 


OBJECTIVE


At the end of this course the student shall have a basic knowledge of finite element method and
shall be able to analyse linear elastic structures, that he has studied about in core courses,
using finite element method.


UNIT I INTRODUCTION – VARIATIONAL FORMULATION


General field problems in Engineering – Modelling – Discrete and Continuous models –
Characteristics – Difficulties involved in solution – The relevance and place of the finite element
method – Historical comments – Basic concept of FEM, Boundary and initial value problems –
Gradient and divergence theorems – Functionals – Variational calculus Variational formulation
of VBPS. The method of weighted residuals – The Ritz method.


UNIT II FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF ONE DIMENSIONAL PROBLEMS


One dimensional second order equations – discretisation of domain into elements –
Generalised coordinates approach – derivation of elements equations – assembly of elements
equations – imposition of boundary conditions – solution of equations – Cholesky method – Post
processing – Extension of the method to fourth order equations and their solutions – time
dependant problems and their solutions – example from heat transfer, fluid flow and solid
mechanics.


UNIT III FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF TWO DIMENSIONAL PROBLEMS


Second order equation involving a scalar-valued function – model equation – Variational
formulation – Finite element formulation through generalised coordinates approach – Triangular
elements and quadrilateral elements – convergence criteria for chosen models – Interpolation
functions – Elements matrices and vectors – Assembly of element matrices – boundary
conditions – solution techniques.


UNIT IV ISOPARAMETRIC ELEMENTS AND FORMULATION


Natural coordinates in 1, 2 and 3 dimensions – use of area coordinates for triangular elements
in - 2 dimensional problems – Isoparametric elements in 1,2 and 3 dimensional Largrangean
and serendipity elements – Formulations of elements equations in one and two dimensions -
Numerical integration.


UNIT V APPLICATIONS TO FIELD PROBLEMS IN TWO DIMENSIONALS


Equations of elasticity – plane elasticity problems – axisymmetric problems in elasticity –
Bending of elastic plates – Time dependent problems in elasticity – Heat – transfer in two
dimensions – incompressible fluid flow

TEXT BOOK


1. Chandrupatla, T.R., and Belegundu, A.D., “Introduction to Finite Element in
Engineering”, Third Edition, Prentice Hall, India, 2003.


REFERENCES


1. J.N.Reddy, “An Introduction to Finite Element Method”, McGraw-Hill, Intl. Student
Edition, 1985.
2. Zienkiewics, “The finite element method, Basic formulation and linear problems”, Vol.1,
4/e, McGraw-Hill, Book Co.
3. S.S.Rao, “The Finite Element Method in Engineering”, Pergaman Press, 2003.
4. C.S.Desai and J.F.Abel, “Introduction to the Finite Element Method”, Affiliated East West
Press, 1972.


CE 2071 REPAIR AND REHABILITATION OF STRUCTURES


OBJECTIVE


To get the knowledge on quality of concrete, durability aspects, causes of deterioration,
assessment of distressed structures, repairing of structures and demolition procedures.


UNIT I MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR STRATEGIES 


Maintenance, repair and rehabilitation, Facets of Maintenance, importance of Maintenance
various aspects of Inspection, Assessment procedure for evaluating a damaged structure,
causes of deterioration


UNIT II SERVICEABILITY AND DURABILITY OF CONCRETE


Quality assurance for concrete construction concrete properties- strength, permeability, thermal
properties and cracking. - Effects due to climate, temperature, chemicals, corrosion - design
and construction errors - Effects of cover thickness and cracking


UNIT III MATERIALS FOR REPAIR


Special concretes and mortar, concrete chemicals, special elements for accelerated strength
gain, Expansive cement, polymer concrete, sulphur infiltrated concrete, ferro cement, Fibre
reinforced concrete.


UNIT IV TECHNIQUES FOR REPAIR AND DEMOLITION


Rust eliminators and polymers coating for rebars during repair, foamed concrete, mortar and dry
pack, vacuum concrete, Gunite and Shotcrete, Epoxy injection, Mortar repair for cracks, shoring
and underpinning. Methods of corrosion protection, corrosion inhibitors, corrosion resistant
steels, coatings and cathodic protection. Engineered demolition techniques for dilapidated
structures - case studies.


UNIT V REPAIRS, REHABILITATION AND RETROFITTING OF STRUCTURES


Repairs to overcome low member strength, Deflection, Cracking, Chemical disruption,
weathering corrosion, wear, fire, leakage and marine exposure.


TEXT BOOKS


1. Denison Campbell, Allen and Harold Roper, Concrete Structures, Materials,
Maintenance and Repair, Longman Scientific and Technical UK, 1991.
2. R.T.Allen and S.C.Edwards, Repair of Concrete Structures, Blakie and Sons, UK, 1987


REFERENCES


1. M.S.Shetty, Concrete Technology - Theory and Practice, S.Chand and Company, New
Delhi, 1992.
2. Santhakumar, A.R., Training Course notes on Damage Assessment and repair in Low
Cost Housing , "RHDC-NBO" Anna University, July 1992.
3. Raikar, R.N., Learning from failures - Deficiencies in Design, Construction and Service -

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